元代路级官府首领官考论

Discussions on the Head Officials of Lu-Level Government in the Yuan Dynasty

元代路级官府首领官的设置可以追溯到蒙古国时期的汉世侯路制以及十路征收课税所。元代首领官的员额与地位均有所变化,其铨选是不同类别衙署官吏互相迁转的一个重要媒介。首领官率领吏员拟写公文草案是路级官府处理政务的必要环节,与路级正官集体决策相对应,三名首领官也分别押署案牍,共同参与决策。元代首领官之所以受到重视,与蒙元朝廷重视案牍官的传统有关。较之于府州县、录事司的首领官,诸路首领官素质较高,贪腐擅权现象并不突出。

The head officials’establishment of Lu-level government in the Yuan Dynasty could be traced back to the Lu system of Han marquis and Ten Lu Tax Bureaus during the period of Mongol empire.The posts and status of head officials at Lu-level government had some changes,and the election of Lu-level heads official was an important medium for the transfer of different types of government officials.The official draft which was written by the clerks under the leadership of the head officials was a necessary link for the government at Lu-level to deal with government affairs.Corresponding to the collective decision-making of Lu-level regular officials,three head officials signed separately and made joint decisions.The reason why the head officials of the Yuan Dynasty were valued was related to the tradition that the Mongol court attached importance to the document’s officials.Compared to the head officials of Fu,State,County and Lushisi,the quality of the Lu-level head officials was higher,and among whom the phenomenon of corruption and monopoly was not prominent.