火灾场景下碳纤维复合高压储氢装置热损伤特征研究

STUDY ON THERMAL DAMAGE PROPERTIES OF CARBON FIBER COMPOSITE HIGH-PRESSURE HYDROGEN TANK UNDER FIRE SCENARIOS

通过火烧试验、水压爆破试验和热分析等手段,研究典型火烧工况下储氢装置的热响应行为、损伤形态及碳纤维复合材料微细观损伤特征。结果表明,在规定火烧条件下储氢装置平均失效压力为41.5 MPa,比常温环境下(35 MPa-166 L水爆压力125.5 MPa)降低约67%;环氧树脂热分解发生在100~600℃,并表现出4个明显的阶段性反应特征;碳纤维热分解主要发生在600~950℃,在849℃时失重速率最快为0.87%/℃;火灾场景下高压储氢装置可能出现火烧损伤、爆炸损伤和热辐射损伤3种典型热损伤模式,其中爆炸场景下碳纤维残余物丝体呈多处层状脆性破碎,具有明显的力学损伤特征。

In this paper,the thermal response behaviors,damage morphology,and microscopic damage characteristics of typeⅢhydrogen tanks were studied under typical fire conditions.These properties were investigated by methods of bonfire test,hydraulic burst test,and thermal analysis.Results show that the hydraulic burst pressure of typeⅢtank(35 MPa-166 L)is 125.5 MPa.However,the average failure pressure of the tanks under the prescribed fire conditions is 41.5 MPa,which is reduced by about 3 times in the fire environment.The decomposition of epoxy resin occurs in temperature range of 100 to 600°C,which exhibits four obvious phases of reaction.The decomposition of carbon fiber mainly occurs in temperature range of 600 to 950℃,in which the fastest weight loss rate is 0.87%/℃at 849℃.In addition,three typical thermal damage modes of the high-pressure hydrogen tanks at fire scenarios are discussed,such as fire damage,explosion damage,and thermal radiation damage.The carbon fiber remnant filament at explosion scene showsbrittle broken in layers with obvious mechanical damage characteristics.