黄河流域城市大气污染时空异质特征与成因研究

Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Heterogeneous Characteristics and Causes of Urban Air Pollution inYellow River Basin

文章选取2015年-2020年黄河流域9省区68个主要城市的AQI指数时序数据为样本,采用空间自相关模型分析了黄河流域大气污染的时空特征,并通过特征雷达图的方法分析不同城市大气污染物的主要来源和成因。结果表明(1)时间上,2015年-2020年黄河流域整体空气质量呈逐渐好转趋势,但每年10月至次年2月大气污染形势依然严峻;(2)空间上,流域空气质量呈上游>中游>下游的趋势,其中流域下游河南省和山东省城市已经形成集中成片的高污染区;(3)黄河流域各城市AQI指数空间集聚特征显著,“高-高”集聚主要分布于流域下游,“低-低”集聚主要分布于流域上游及中游上段;(4)黄河流域城市大气污染主要包括偏二次型、偏燃煤型、偏机动车型等6种类型,其中偏二次型、偏燃煤型为流域大气污染主要类型。

The paper selected the AQI index time series data of 68 major cities in 9 provinces and regions in the Yellow River Basin from 2015 to 2020 as samples,analyzed the spatial and temporal characteristics of air pollution in the Yellow River Basin using spatial autocorrelation model,and analyzed the main sources and causes of air pollutants in different cities by the method of characteristic radar map.The results show that:(1)temporally,the overall air quality in the Yellow River Basin shows a gradual improvement from 2015 to 2020,but the air pollution situation remains severe from October to February each year;(2)spatially,the air quality in the basin shows a trend of upstream>midstream>downstream,in which the cities in Henan Province and Shandong Province in the downstream of the basin have formed a concentrated area of high pollution;(3)The AQI index of cities in the Yellow River Basin has significant spatial clustering characteristics,with“high-high”clustering mainly in the lower reaches of the basin,and“low-low”clustering mainly in the upper reaches of the basin and the upper part of the middle reaches;(4)Urban air pollution in the Yellow River Basin mainly includes six types,such as secondary,coal-fired,and motor vehicle,among which The secondary type and coal-fired type are the main types of air pollution in the basin.