馆藏文物修复过程环境影响评价及防治措施研究

Environmental Impact Assessment and Prevention Measures of Restoration Process of Cultural Relics in The Palace Museum

由于文物修复和研究过程需要使用化学试剂和固体原材料等,但其对环境造成的影响尚没有明确的判定。以故宫博物院文物修复和研究过程为例,明确不同类型文物修复过程产生的污染物质,对其环境影响及环境风险进行客观评价,结果表明在文物修复和研究过程中主要产生的污染物包括有机溶剂废液、废活性炭、有机废气等,经过处理后,污染物排放能够满足总量控制的环保要求。同时,识别潜在污染源,并提出合理的管理及防治措施,为避免文物修复和研究过程对周边整体环境造成不良影响提供了有益探索。

There were little environmental impact analysis on the restoration and research process of cultural relics using chemicals and reagents.In this paper,the restoration and research process of cultural relics in The Palace Museum was used as an example in order to provide a beneficial exploration for avoiding the adverse impact of cultural relics restoration on the environment.This paper defines the pollutants produced in the restoration process of different types of cultural relics,as well as the objective evaluation of the environmental impact and environmental risk.The results show that the main pollutants generated in the process of cultural relic restoration and research include organic solvent waste liquid,waste activated carbon,organic waste gas,etc.,and these pollutants are treated making them meet the emission standards.In the meantime,this paper identifies potential sources of pollution,and provides reasonable management and prevention measures.