论古尔纳小说《多蒂》中的身份危机与伦理选择

On Identity Crisis and Ethical Choice in Gurnah’s Novel Dottie

坦桑尼亚裔英国作家古尔纳的小说《多蒂》聚焦20世纪黑人流散者在英国的身份认同问题,侧重于从人物的伦理身份出发,通过展现其被疏离的过程,考察英国战后高压的宗主意识与残存的殖民思想对边缘群体造成的心理创伤与伦理困境,进而探讨黑人尤其是黑人女性,如何在历史记忆与社会现实的双重挤压下实现独立的心路历程。拟从小说主人公多蒂的身份危机切入,通过文本细读和对文本历史语境的考察,以多蒂的成长经历为主线,分析其对自我认同的追求与挖掘自我价值的伦理选择,以期阐明黑人女性在个人意识被抑制的社会空间中对主体建构的诉求。古尔纳通过《多蒂》为女性群体发声,也是对“英国性”的再思索。

The Tanzanian British writer Gurnah’s novel Dottie focuses on the identity of the black diasporas in the UK in the 20th century.He tends to start from the characters’ethical identities,by showing the process of alienation,examining the psychological trauma and ethical dilemmas caused by the British post-war high-pressure suzerain and the remaining colonial thoughts on marginal groups,and then explore how blacks,especially black women,can achieve independence and self-reliance under the double squeeze of historical memory and social reality.This article starts from the protagonist Dottie’s"identity crisis",through close reading and the historical context of the text,and uses Dottie’s growth experience as the main line to analyze her pursuit of self-identity and the ethical choice of mining self-worth,in order to clarify black women's demands for subject construction in a social space where their personal consciousness is suppressed.Gurnah's voice for the female group through Dottie is also a rethinking of"Britishness".