干部高配制度:一种权责均衡的治理机制——基于鄂西经济发达镇的考察

High Allocation System of Cadres:A Governance Mechanism With Balanced Rights and Responsibilities—Based on the Investigation of Economically Developed Towns in Western Hubei

化解乡镇权责失衡难题的关键是通过治理机制创新实现权力资源的重新配置。面对经济发达镇治理事务总量多难度大、干部激励手段欠缺、条块分割矛盾凸显等负重运转困境,干部高配制度的出现推动乡镇从权责失衡走向权责均衡。一方面,干部高配制度在科层体制内部构造出层级分明的政治激励结构,充分调动了党政主职、乡镇副职以及一线工作人员的主体性,积极推动乡镇各项治理任务扎实落地;另一方面,干部高配制度打破了乡镇政府与上级部门条块之间权力与责任的常规化配置,促使二者从平级协调关系转向层级压力关系,激活了经济发达镇协调体制内资源完成特定治理任务的能力,成为制度化破解条块分割矛盾的有效路径。干部高配制度的有效运行离不开体制提供的合法性基础和正式权力支撑,同时也离不开其与科层体制的匹配性及与基层社会的适应性。

The key to solving the problem of township power and responsibility imbalance is to realize the reallocation of power resources through the innovation of governance mechanism.In the face of the heavy-duty operation difficulties,the emergence of the cadre high allocation system promotes the township from the imbalance of power and responsibility to the balance of power and responsibility.On the one hand,the high allocation system of cadres has constructed a hierarchical political incentive structure within the bureaucratic system,fully mobilized the subjectivity of the main posts of the party and government,the deputy posts of villages and towns and the front-line staff,and actively promoted the solid implementation of various governance tasks in villages and towns.On the other hand,the cadre high allocation system has breaked the conventional allocation of power and responsibility between the township government and the higher-level departments,promoted them to shift from the horizontal coordination relationship to the hierarchical pressure relationship,activated the ability of resources in the coordination system of economically developed towns to complete specific governance tasks,and formed an effective path to solve the contradiction of division.The effective operation of the cadre high allocation system is inseparable from the legitimacy foundation and formal power support provided by the system.At the same time,we should also pay attention to its matching with the bureaucratic system and its adaptability to the grass-roots society.