基础研究、政府支持方式与产业链安全

Basic Research, Ways of Government Support and Industrial Chain Safety

实现产业链安全可控是提高我国产业竞争力和维护国家产业安全的重要内容,而加强基础研究是增强产业原始创新活力的关键。文章使用2000—2019年的省级面板数据,以高技术产业和电子信息及通信设备制造业为研究对象,分析基础研究和政府支持方式对高技术产业的影响。实证结果表明:基础研究可显著提升产业链安全度,且基础研究、应用研究对产业链安全度有非线性影响的特征和南北方区域异质的特点;政府作为基础研究经费的重要支持者,能够显著推动基础研究的稳链作用,对地方高等院校的基础研究经费拨入和项目经费支持方式效果显著,对企业采取的税收优惠等支持方式效果不明显。在此基础上,提出正确处理影响产业链安全的政府与市场关系、加强基础研究投入强基固链赋产能、优化政府支持方式实现资源高效配置等建议,以推动我国早日突破“卡脖子”技术,实现产业链安全与自主可控。

Realizing the safety and controllability of industrial chain is an important content to improve China’s industrial competitiveness and maintain national industrial security, and strengthening basic research is the key to enhance the vitality of industrial original innovation. Using the provincial panel data from 2000 to 2019, taking the high-tech industry and electronic information and communication equipment manufacturing industry as the research object, this paper analyzes the impact of basic research and government support on the high-tech industry. The empirical results show that basic research can significantly improve the security of the industrial chain, and the characteristics of nonlinear impact of basic research and applied research on the security of the industrial chain and the characteristics of regional heterogeneity in the south and north regions. The government, as an important supporter of basic research funds, can significantly promote the chain stabilizing role of basic research. It has a significant effect on the allocation of basic research funds and project funds of local colleges and universities, and the effect of tax incentives and other support methods for enterprises is not obvious. On this basis, the paper puts forward some suggestions such as correctly handling the relationship between the government and the market that affects the security of the industrial chain, strengthening basic research investment, strengthening the foundation and solid chain to empower capacity, optimizing government support methods to achieve efficient allocation of resources, etc., so as to promote China to break through the “stuck neck” technology as soon as possible and realize the safety and independent control of the industrial chain.