民国时期萧一山的史观构建与评析

Constructing of Xiao Yishan’s Ideas of History in the Period of the Republic of China and the Evaluation of His Ideas

在第一代清史研究学者中,萧一山的贡献尤大。依其研究成果和时论综合观察,基本上可以判断出其史观的来自、构建、确性等问题。萧一山是为数不多的自我标榜“史观”的近代史家,这有其在北京大学“新史学”专业教育的影响,是其民族革命意识的涵化,更是其对抗战时政的激愤结果,因此表现出史观的经世观念、唯物主义的底色,从而体现出多元的表征性。从学术史来判断,萧一山史观演变的每一步都是顺应着近代史学发展的整体路径的,从“新史学”到唯物史观,最终在抗日战争时期形成民族革命话语影响下的自赋史观。

Among the first generation of scholars who researched on history of the Qing Dynasty, Xiao Yishan made a major contribution. The issues that the origin and construction of his ideas of history can be solved through a research on his works and comments. Xiao was a historian who publicized his ideas of history, and it is rare at that time. There are some reasons for it. He accepted the “New historiography” in Peking University which is responsible for his national revolutionary consciousness, and he was stimulated by the reality during the Anti-Japanese War, so his ideas of history presented features of pragmatism and historical materialism. The development of Xiao’s ideas, from the New historiography to the historical materialism, and finally to the ideas under the influence of the National Revolutionary in Anti-Japanese War, synchronized with modern historiography,