MRI在高原地区颅内感染性病变诊断中的应用及影像特点分析

Application and Imaging Features of MRI in the Diagnosis of Intracranial Infectious Lesions in the Plateau Areas

目的探讨磁共振成像(MRI)在高原地区颅内感染性病变诊断中的应用及影像特点分析。方法回顾性分析本院2017年1月至2019年12月期间收治的41例颅内感染性病变患儿的临床病历资料以及影像学资料。结果41例颅内感染性病变患儿性别以男性(70.73%)为主,年龄分布以0~3岁(48.78%)为主,感染类型以化脓性脑膜炎(41.46%)、结核性脑膜炎(34.15%)为主,临床表现以头晕(58.54%)、发热(48.78%)、头痛(36.59%)为主;病毒性脑炎以T1加权像(T_(1)WI)低信号、T2加权像(T_(2)WI)中、高信号为主,表观弥散系数(ADC)值降低,增强后表现为轻度强化或者无强化;化脓性细菌感染以T_(1)WI低信号、T_(2)WI高信号为主,ADC值降低,增强后早期均匀轻度强化,脓肿形成后呈环状强化;结核杆菌感染以T_(1)WI低信号、T_(2)WI高信号为主,ADC值降低,增强扫描呈粗线样异常对比强化。结论MRI在高原地区颅内感染性病变诊断中应用价值较高,增强扫描能病变的定性诊断提供客观依据。

Objective To explore the application and imaging features of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in the diagnosis of intracranial infectious lesions in the plateau areas.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical medical data and imaging data of 41 children with intracranial infectious lesions who were admitted to the hospital from January 2017 to December 2019.Results Of the 41 children with intracranial infectious lesions,the males were in the majority(70.73%).Their age was mainly on 0~3 years old(48.78%).The main infection types included suppurative meningitis(41.46%)and tubercular meningitis(34.15%).The clinical manifestations were mainly on dizziness(58.54%),fever(48.78%)and headache(36.59%).In the viral encephalitis,low signals of T_(1) weighted image(T_(1)WI),medium and high signals of T2 weighted image(T_(2)WI)were in the majority.The apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)was decreased,showing mild enhancement or non-enhancement after enhancement.In the suppurative bacterial infection,T_(1)WI low signals and T_(2)WI high signals were in the majority.ADC was decreased,showing early even mild enhancement after enhancement and circular enhancement after abscess formation.In the Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection,T_(1)WI low signals and T_(2)WI high signals were in the majority.ADC was decreased,showing pachytene-like abnormal contrast enhancement in the enhancement scan.Conclusion MRI is of high application value in the diagnosis of intracranial infectious lesions in the plateau areas.The enhancement scan can provide objective basis for the qualitative diagnosis of lesions.