城轨道岔转辙器的理论计算方法探讨

Discussion on the Theoretical Calculation Method of Urban Railway Turnout Switch

转辙器是道岔的核心部件,其设计精度直接影响道岔的安全性。为保证转辙器的工作安全,并为其设计、制造及养护维修提供理论基础,针对曲线尖轨道岔转辙器展开研究。依据轮轨耦合工作原理,重点对转辙器的曲线尖轨、直线尖轨、拉连杆等的理论计算方法进行推导。在推导计算公式的过程中,对既有计算方法进行逐个讨论,并结合当前制造工艺进行相应修正。研究结果表明,采用AT尖轨转辙器,在零部件相关参数计算过程中,可不考虑5 mm空隙量;在直线尖轨计算过程中,应充分考虑轨距变化的顺坡率,使其达到最小值,以保证列车的平稳性;在拉连杆计算中,应考虑尖轨弯折量、有效长的影响。

The switch is the core component of the turnout,and its design accuracy directly affects the safety of the turnout.In order to ensure the safe operation of the switch and provide a theoretical calculation method for design,manufacture and maintenance,this paper studied on the switch of the curved rail turnout.Based on the principle of wheel-rail coupling,the theoretical methods which can be used in calculation of the curved switch rail,the straight switch rail,and the connecting rod were deduced.In the process of deriving the calculation formula,the old calculation methods were discussed,and were revised with the current manufacturing process.