北京市延庆区城乡中小学生伤害发生现况及影响因素分析

Analysis of the prevalence and influencing factors of injuries among urban and rural primary and secondary school students in Yanqing District,Beijing City

目的调查北京市延庆区中小学生伤害发生现况,剖析城区和乡镇间影响因素的差异,为促进城乡伤害防控、减少中小学生伤害发生提供依据。方法采用分层抽样方法,抽取共1390名城乡中小学生进行伤害是否发生及伤害发生相关指标的调查分析。结果乡镇学生刀/锐器伤的发生率高于城区学生(χ^(2)=4.43,P=0.035)。乡镇学生躯干伤害的发生率低于城区(χ^(2)=6.94,P=0.008)。城区学生在家中发生伤害的几率低于乡镇学生(χ^(2)=4.09,P=0.043),乡镇学生发生在教室的伤害几率低于城区学生(χ^(2)=4.20,P=0.040)。“不骑车听音乐”等是城乡学生伤害发生的保护因素,“过马路不走人行横道”是城乡学生伤害发生的危险因素。结论北京市延庆区城乡中小学生在伤害类型、伤害地点、伤害部位、行为活动方面存在差异,应针对城乡差异进行干预,促进城乡综合防控。

Objective To investigate the present situation of primary and secondary school students in Yanqing District,Beijing City,and explore the differences of the influencing factors between urban and rural areas,to provide the basis for promoting the prevention and control of injuries in urban and rural areas and reducing the incidence of injuries.Methods By using stratified sampling method,a total of 1390 primary and secondary school students in urban and rural areas were selected to investigate and analyze the incidence of injuries and related correlation index.Results The incidence rate of knife/sharp weapon injury among students in rural area was higher than that of students in the urban area(χ^(2)=4.43,P=0.035).The body injury rate of students in the rural area was lower than in the urban area(χ^(2)=6.94,P=0.008).The incidence of injury at home in the urban area was lower than in rural area(χ^(2)=4.09,P=0.043).The incidence of injury in classroom in the rural area was lower than in the urban area(χ^(2)=4.20,P=0.040).Factors,such as"don't ride a bike to listen to music",were the protective factors for the injury of urban and rural students."Don't cross the street on the crosswalk"was the risk factor.Conclusion There are differences in injury types,injury locations,injury parts and activities among urban and rural primary and secondary school students in Yanqing District,Beijing City.Therefore,intervention should be carried out to promote the comprehensive prevention and control in urban and rural areas.