面向通信−导航−感知一体化的应急无人机网络低能耗部署研究

Research on low-energy-consumption deployment of emergency UAV network for integrated communication-navigating-sensing

在事故灾难救援等突发公共事件中,救援人员往往面临通信传输不畅、定位导航不稳、灾情感知不准的问题,亟须部署一套应急无人机网络,对受灾地区进行通信、导航、感知服务补盲。针对无人机续航能力受限的问题,首先提出了一套网络拓扑可重构、节点角色可切换的通信-导航-感知一体化应急无人机网络低能耗部署方案,然后设计了一种基于粒子群算法的层次化匹配决策算法,联合求解无人机与通导感用户关联、多角色无人机通信资源分配以及无人机位置这3个子问题。仿真表明,所提方案能够实现通导感多目标需求与受限网络资源的灵活适配,极大降低了对无人机数量的需求与部署能耗。

In public emergencies such as accident relief,rescue workers are faced with challenges,such as poor commu-nication,unstable navigating,and inaccurate disaster sensing.It is necessary to deploy an emergency unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)network to guarantee the services of communication-navigating-sensing.Aiming at alleviating the prob-lem of limited energy of UAV,a low-energy-consumption deployment of an emergency UAV network was first proposed for integrated communication-navigating-sensing(ICNS).The proposed scheme was able to realize network topology reconstruction and role cognition on demand.Then,a particle swarm algorithm based hierarchical matching deci-sion-making algorithm was presented to jointly optimize three sub-problems,including the associations between UAVs and users,the resource allocation for multi-role UAV communications,and the UAV position.Simulation results show that the proposed ICNS scheme can achieve flexible adaptation of the multi-objective requirements and limited network resources,and dramatically reduce the demand for the number of UAVs and the deployment energy consumption.