张謇的家庭教育思想与实践

Zhang Jian’s Family Education Thought and Practice

在为推进近代中国教育转型作出努力的同时,张謇创造性地把现代教育理念融于传统“父道”之中。张謇的家庭教育思想是对中国传统文化和良好家风的传承,是对自身科举经历和教育探索的反思,是对近代民族危机和西学东渐的警醒。他最早提出“体德智”为本的教育理念,运用借古鉴今、中西兼顾、言传身教、知行并进的教育方法,把家庭教育全过程地贯穿于其子张孝若成长的各个环节,对今天的家庭教育具有重要的借鉴意义。

While making efforts to promote the transformation of education in modern China,Zhang Jian creatively integrated modern educational concepts into the traditional“fatherhood”.Zhang Jian’s family education thought is the inheritance of Chinese traditional culture and good family tradition,the reflection of his own imperial examination experience and educational exploration,and the wake-up of the modern national crisis and the spread of Western learning to the East.He was the first to put forward the educational concept of“physique,morality and intelligence”,and used the educational methods of drawing lessons from the past to guide the present,embracing both Chinese learning and Western learning,teaching by precept and example,and combining knowledge with practice to run through the whole process of family education in all links of his son Zhang Xiaoruo’s growth,which has important reference significance for today’s family education.