我国松材线虫病防治用药情况分析

Analysis on pesticide for controlling pine wilt disease in China

为了解当前我国松材线虫病防治用药情况,利用描述性统计分析方法,对2019年至2021年上半年全国17个松材线虫病发生省份防治松材线虫病的用药量、用药种类、防治效果等情况进行整理分析。结果表明:当前我国松材线虫病防治年用药量保持在2000 t左右,其中防治媒介昆虫用药量占总用药量的80%以上,预防用药量比重逐年增加;各省用于防治松材线虫病的药剂种类达50余种,但当前登记在媒介昆虫和松材线虫的农药品种仅10种;在防治媒介昆虫用药中,噻虫啉使用量最大,占当年防治媒介昆虫总用药量的50%以上;在防治松材线虫用药中,甲维盐使用量最大,累计用药量占防治松材线虫总用药量的67.26%;用药量较大的13个品种在实践应用中表现出较好的防治效果。针对当前松材线虫病防治药剂存在的登记药剂种类少、药剂使用不科学、防治技术瓶颈等问题,提出推动松材线虫病防治新农药产品登记、落实地方政府主体责任、强化科技支撑等建议,助力松材线虫病防控五年攻坚行动。

To comprehend the current consumption situation of pesticide for controlling pine wilt disease(PWD)in China,descriptive statistical analysis was used to analyze the quantities,types and control effect of pesticides in 17 provinces where the PWD occurred from 2019 to the first half of 2021.The results showed that current consumption of pesticides to prevent PWD in China was kept at about 2000 tons per year.The consumption of pesticides for controlling vector insect accounted for more than 80%of all,and the proportion of preventive pesticides was increasing year by year.At present,there were more than 50 kinds of pesticides used to control PWD in provinces,but only 10 kinds were registered.Thiacloprid was the most used in controlling vector insects,accounting for more than 50%of the total quantities in the years.Emamectin benzoate was the most used in controlling Bursaphelenchus xylophilus,accounting for 67.26%in the years.Thirteen pesticides with large dosage showed good effect in epidemic areas.It was found that there were problems,such as few types of registered pesticides,unscientific use of chemicals and bottleneck in control technology.Based on existing problems,promoting registration of new pesticide products for PWD control,implementing main responsibility of local governments and strengthening scientific and technological support were put forward,to assist five-year campaign for preventing and controlling PWD.