科学认识城市暴雨洪灾 系统构建防洪减灾体系

Scientific understanding of urban rainstorm and flood disaster system and construction of flood control and disaster reduction system

暴雨洪灾是影响城市发展和安全保障的重要因素。但人类不可能完全控制洪水,也不可能无限度地修建城市防洪工程,在“人民至上、生命至上”理念下,应在努力提高防御能力的同时,学会与洪水和谐共存。分析了城市暴雨洪灾成因,提出科学认识城市暴雨洪灾、系统构建防洪减灾体系的防御思路。防洪减灾体系是一个系统工程,必须进行系统建设、综合建设,全方位、多层次、一体化构建防洪减灾体系,至少包括预报预警、工程建设、应急处置、科普宣传、科学技术“五大体系”。

Rainstorm and flood are important factors affecting urban development and security.However,it is impossible for mankind to completely control floods and build urban flood control projects indefinitely.Under the concept of“people first,life first”,we should learn to coexist harmoniously with floods while trying to improve our defense ability.This paper analyzes the causes of urban rainstorm and flood,and puts forward the defense ideas of scientifically understanding urban rainstorm and flood,and systematically constructing the flood control and disaster reduction system.Flood control and disaster reduction system is a systematic project,which must carry out systematic and comprehensive construction,and build a flood control and disaster reduction system in an all-round,multi-level and integrated way,including at least the“five systems”of prediction and early warning,engineering construction,emergency response,science popularization and publicity,and science and technology.