基于层次分析法的河道底泥重金属污染环境风险评价研究

Research on Environmental Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in River Sediment Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process

本研究主要介绍层次分析法在风险评价中的应用,并以筛选河道底泥重金属污染最大可能环境类型为实例,调查某河道周边环境质量状况,运用层次分析法,建立层次分析模型,构造两两比较判断矩阵,通过层次单排序和层次总排序的计算,最终筛选出最大可信环境污染类型,并对各层次排序做一致性检验。评价结果显示,河道重金属污染对周边人群和环境影响程度最大的风险类型是通过引水灌溉导致的土壤环境的污染,其次是经食物链危害动物、灌溉引起的植物受污染以及经食物链危害人群健康。

This study mainly introduces the application of Analytic Hierarchy Process in risk assessment,and takes the screening of the largest possible environmental types of heavy metal pollution in river sediments as an example to investigate the environmental quality around a certain river,using analytic hierarchy process to establish an analytic hierarchy model and construct a pairwise comparison Judgment matrix, through the calculation of single-level sorting and total-level sorting, finally screens out the largest credible environmental pollution type, and checks the consistency of the sorting of each level. The evaluation results show that the risk type of heavy metal pollution in rivers that has the greatest impact on the surrounding population and the environment is the pollution of the soil environment caused by water diversion and irrigation, followed by the food chain harming animals, the plant pollution caused by irrigation, and the food chain harming the health of the population.