三丁酸甘油酯和氧化苦参碱对肉仔鸡生长性能、血清生化指标及肠道健康的影响

Effects of tributyrin and oxymatrine on growth performance, serum biochemical indexes and intestinal health of broilers

旨在研究三丁酸甘油酯和氧化苦参碱及其复合物对肉仔鸡生长性能、血清指标、抗氧化能力和肠道形态结构的影响。选取1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡公雏250只,随机分为5组,每组5个重复,每个重复10只。对照组(CON)饲喂基础饲粮,三丁酸甘油酯组(TBP)在基础饲粮中添加1 000 mg/kg三丁酸甘油酯制剂,氧化苦参碱组(OMP)在基础饲粮中添加1 000 mg/kg氧化苦参碱制剂,复合组(TBP+OMP)在基础饲粮中添加1000 mg/kg三丁酸甘油酯和氧化苦参碱复合制剂,抗生素组(CTC)在基础饲粮中添加50 mg/kg金霉素,试验期为21 d。结果显示:与对照组相比,三丁酸甘油酯和氧化苦参碱复合组肉仔鸡平均日增重显著升高(P<0.05),料重比显著降低(P<0.05);与抗生素组相比无显著差异(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,复合组显著升高血清HDL-C含量(P<0.05),降低TG含量(P<0.05)。与对照组和抗生素组相比,复合组提高血清和肠黏膜中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,降低丙二醛(MDA)的积累,对过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性无显著影响(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,复合组和抗生素组均显著提高十二指肠绒毛高度以及绒毛高度/隐窝深度比,降低隐窝深度(P<0.05);复合组空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度比显著低于其他组(P<0.05)。结果表明:日粮添加三丁酸甘油酯和氧化苦参碱复合物能够提高肉仔鸡生长性能,改善血清生化指标,增强机体抗氧化能力,改善肠道形态结构,从而促进肉仔鸡的生长发育。

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary tributyrin, oxymatrine and their compounds on growth performance, serum biochemical indexes, antioxidant capacity and intestinal morphology of broilers. A total of 250 one-day-old healthy male Arbor Acres(AA) broilers were used and randomly divided into 5 groups with 5 replicates per group and 10 broilers per replicate. The broilers in the control group(the CON group) were fed with a basal diet, the broilers in the tributyrin group(the TBP group) were fed with the basal diet supplemented with 1 000 mg/kg tributyrin, the broilers in the oxymatrine group(the OMP group) were fed with the basal diet supplemented with 1 000 mg/kg oxymatrine, the broilers in the compound group(the TBP+OMP group) were fed with the basal diet supplemented with 1 000 mg/kg tributyrin and oxymatrine mixture, and the broilers in the antibiotic group(the CTC group) were fed with the basal diet supplemented with 50 mg/kg chlortetracycline hydrochloride. The experiment lasted for 21 days. The results were as follows: Compared with the control group, the average daily gain(ADG) of the broilers in the TBP+OMP group increased(P<0.05), and their feed-to-weight ratio(F/G) decreased(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference with the CTC group(P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the TBP+OMP group significantly increased the level of serum HDL-C(P<0.05) and decreased the TG content(P<0.05). Compared with the CON and CTC groups, the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity in the serum and intestinal mucosa of the TBP+OMP group were significantly increased(P<0.05), their serum and duodenal malondialdehyde(MDA) accumulation was reduced by adding TBP+OMP( P< 0. 05),which had no significant effect on the activity of CAT( P> 0. 05). Compared with the control group,both the TBP+OMP group and the CTC group significantly increased their duodenal villus height( VH) and the ratio of villus height/crypt depth( V/C),but decreased their crypt depth( CD)( P<0. 05). The ratio of jejunal V/C in the TBP +OMP group was significantly lower than that in the other groups( P<0. 05). These results indicated that dietary supplementation with tributyrin and oxymatrine compounds improved growth performance,serum biochemical indexes,antioxidant capacity and the intestinal morphology of broilers,and ultimately improved their growth and development.