企业低碳转型与金融支持研究——基于湖南省1472家企业的问卷调查

Research on Enterprise Low-carbon Transformation and Financial Support

碳排放主要源于微观企业的生产经营活动,双碳目标最终实现要依靠企业低碳转型、降耗减碳的实际行动。为了解企业低碳转型现状和金融支持情况,本文通过线上问卷调查获取了1472家企业有效问卷,并对54家省重点排放企业、相关政府部门和金融机构进行实地走访。结果表明:一是企业普遍对双碳背景下的低碳转型冲击认知不足,观望情绪严重。二是受碳市场约束不强,技术、人才制约等多因素影响,企业低碳转型动力不足。三是绿色金融需求不足与供给不充分并存,金融支持绿色发展成效并未充分显现,环境数据获取、组织制度安排、绿色金融人才等业务基础存在短板。为此,建议强化顶层设计,引导稳定企业预期;加强绿色金融产品和服务创新;夯实基础工作,完善政策保障。

Carbon emissions mainly come from the production and operation activities of micro enterprises,and the ultimate realization of“Carbon Peak,carbon neutral”target depends on the actual actions of enterprises in low-carbon transformation and carbon reduction.This paper conducted an online questionnaire survey on 1472 carbon emission enterprises and field research on 54 provincial key emission enterprises,relevant government departments and financial institutions.The results showed that:the wait-and-see mood of enterprise in low-carbon transformation is serious;due to not strongly constrained by the carbon market,lack of technology and talent,the low-carbon transformation power of enterprises is insufficient;the green financial support is not fully displayed,and the business foundation of financial institutions is weak.This paper puts forward relevant policy recommendations,including strengthening top-level design of low-carbon transformation and stabilizing enterprise′expectations;strengthening innovation in green financial products and services;improving the basic work and policy support.