乡村振兴视域下社区型古镇治理研究——基于上海枫泾的善治实践

Research on Governance in Community-type Ancient Towns from the Perspective of Rural Vitalization: Based on the Good Governance Practice in Fengjing, Shanghai

治理有效是实现乡村振兴的重要保障,乡村振兴必须切实推进乡村治理。从治理参与主体角度看,有效治理表现为主体有效参与,同时还表现为主体权益的实现和保护。因此,乡村治理最根本的还是要发展乡村经济,聚焦产业促进乡村发展。发展乡村休闲旅游,是挖掘乡村多元价值的重点,是拓展乡村发展的重要途径。枫泾古镇社区治理存在的问题,主要有古镇旅游发展与社区居民利益需求契合性低、古镇空心化导致社会资本销蚀和基层组织作为社区治理主导力量的社区信任度不高;在古镇治理过程中形成了主体权利保护与政府力量主导治理、古镇更新推动在地性保护和节事活动提升社区凝聚力、培育民间组织强化凝聚社区力量的社会网络和借势“小镇更新”推进“大旅游”战略赢得信任等治理方法和工作机制。在枫泾古镇的旅游发展及其实现有效治理过程中,社会资本起到了重要的作用,为乡村振兴新业态的发展和治理提供了启示。

Effective governance is an important guarantee for rural vitalization,and rural vitalization must effectively promote rural governance.From the perspective of governance participants,effective governance is manifested in the effective participation of the main subjects,as well as the realization and protection of the subjects’ rights and interests.Therefore,the most fundamental point in rural governance is to develop rural economy,focus on industry and promote rural development.The development of rural leisure tourism is the key to tap the rural multi-value and an important way to expand rural development.The main problems of community governance in Fengjing ancient town are that the tourism development of Fengjing ancient town is not consistent with the interests of community residents,the hollowing out of the ancient town leads to the erosion of social capital,and the community trust of primary-level organizations as the leading force of community governance is at a low level.In the process of ancient town governance,governance methods and working mechanisms have been formed,such as the protection of subject rights and government-led governance,the promotion of local protection by ancient town renewal and the enhancement of community cohesion by festival activities,the cultivation of non-governmental organizations to strengthen the social network of community forces,and the use of "town renewal" to promote the "big tourism" strategy to win trust.In the process of tourism development and effective governance of Fengjing ancient town,social capital plays an important role,which provides enlightenment for the development and governance of new industries in rural vitalization.