洞庭湖区微塑料污染及其与农村、农业的相互影响

Microplastic pollution and its mutual impacts on rural areas and agriculture in Dongting Lake Area

新兴污染物——微塑料可引发持久而复杂的生态效应。在复杂多样的微塑料污染源影响下,洞庭湖区的微塑料问题值得关注。基于过往相关研究获得的成果,对洞庭湖区微塑料污染特征及其与农业、农村的相互关系进行综述。洞庭湖区面临中等水平的微塑料污染威胁,农村居民生活以及农业生产都会使大量微塑料进入洞庭湖区生态系统。进入洞庭湖区生态系统的微塑料对洞庭湖区居民、游客的健康、动物养殖及农作物生长发育都存在威胁。根据洞庭湖区农村、农业环境特征及微塑料污染现状,建议后续的相关研究应该着眼于:1)开展更加系统科学的监测工作;2)追溯洞庭湖区微塑料污染来源;3)进行更加贴合实际情况的生物毒性研究;4)制定具有针对性的微塑料污染管控措施。

The emerging pollutant-microplastics can lead to prolonged and complex ecological effects.Under the influence of complex and diverse microplastic pollution sources,the problem of microplastics in Dongting Lake Area deserves attention.Based on the results of published studies,this study reviews the microplastic pollution characteristics and their relationship with agriculture and rural areas in Dongting Lake Area.Dongting Lake Area is generally threatened by medium-level microplastic pollution.Rural residents and agricultural production will bring numerous microplastics to Dongting Lake ecosystem.Microplastics entering the ecosystem pose threats to the health of residents/tourists and the growth of cultivated animals/crops.Based on the environmental characteristics of rural areas and agriculture,and current situation of microplastic pollution in Dongting Lake Area,the follow-up researches should focus on 1)carrying out more systematic and scientific monitoring;2)tracing the source of microplastic pollution in Dongting Lake Area;3)conducting biotoxicity research in the actual situation;4)formulate specific measures to manage and control microplastic pollution.