从《丽江竹枝词》看清代丽江纳西族信仰及其变迁

The Belief and Changes of the Naxi People in Lijiang in Qing Dynasty from“Lijiang Bamboo Branch Poem”

学界已有纳西族信仰研究侧重共时性,忽略了其的历时性变迁,资料利用方面,侧重官方文献,忽略民间文献。《丽江竹枝词》为光绪时丽江纳西族诗人杨品硕亲闻所见题咏。歌咏清代丽江纳西族经济生活、岁时节日、民族信仰以及娱乐生活等,是研究清代丽江纳西族社会生活状况的重要民间史料。学界对于竹枝词中所反映的纳西族信仰习俗记载尚未充分利用起来,故从历史学的角度,以《丽江竹枝词》为研究文本,参考地方志、民族志及学术成果的基础上,以诗证史,论述清代丽江纳西族的信仰及其变迁。

Academic circles have studied Naxi beliefs that focus on synchronicity,while ignoring the diachronic changes in beliefs and customs,and in the use of data,focus on official documents and ignore folk literature."Lijiang Bamboo Branch Words"is a bamboo branch word inscribed by Yang Pinshuo,a poet of the Naxi ethnic group in Lijiang,Guangxu,who has personally heard and seen it.Singing the economic life of the Naxi people in Lijiang in the Qing Dynasty,festivals,ethnic beliefs and entertainment life in lijiang,it is an important folk historical material for studying the social life of the Naxi people in Lijiang in the Qing Dynasty.The academic community has not yet made use of the naxi belief and custom records reflected in the bamboo branch words,so from the perspective of history,with the"Lijiang Bamboo Branch Words"as the research text,referring to the relevant local history,ethnography and related academic research results,and using poetry to prove the history,we strive to discuss the beliefs and changes of the Naxi people in Lijiang in the Qing Dynasty.