光伏发电发展模式与运营模式分析

Analysis of the Development Mode and Operation Mode for Photovoltaic Power Generation

“碳达峰”“碳中和”目标的提出对电力行业的低碳发展与高效运营提出了更高要求。光伏作为未来中国重要的电源之一,必将迎来新一轮蓬勃发展,但光伏发电面临着用地许可限制、自身出力波动性、电站分散、接入复杂、运维管理困难等问题。为此,着眼于光伏发电面临的困境,系统分析了未来光伏发电的发展模式与运营模式,以期为光伏产业发展指明方向。从光伏电站发展模式来说,提出“光伏+”模式,构建更加多元的电力生产格局:通过多能互补,促进光伏消纳与稳定并网;通过多行结合,促进光伏多场景应用与立体开发;通过跨界融合,促进光伏智慧化、集约化发展。从光伏电站运营模式来说,提出智慧化多级管理体系,从而适应“光伏+”模式的集中式管理:依托大数据、云平台、物联网和移动终端等新技术应用,促进光伏产业与能源互联网的深度融合;通过云边协同技术架构与多级管理体系建设,顺畅数据流、打通管理链,实现资源与经验的高度融合与共享,有效提高光伏电站自动化、精细化、智能化管理水平。

The goal of"carbon peak,carbon neutral"puts forward higher requirements for the development and operation of the power industry.Photovoltaic,as one of the important power sources in China in the future,will usher in a new round of vigorous development.However,photovoltaic power generation faces problems such as restrictions on land use licenses,fluctuations in its own output,scattered power stations,complicated access,and difficult operation and maintenance management.To this end,focusing on the difficulties faced by photovoltaic power generation,the development mode and operation mode of photovoltaic power generation in the future are systematically analyzed,in order to point out the direction for the development of photovoltaic industry.From the perspective of the development mode of photovoltaic power plants,the"photovoltaic+"mode is proposed to build a more diversified power production pattern.Through multifunction complementarity,photovoltaic consumption and stability are promoted.Through multi line combination,multi scene application and three-dimensional development of PV are promoted.In terms of the operation mode of photovoltaic power station,an intelligent multi-level management system is proposed to adapt to the centralized management of"photovoltaic+"mode.Rely on new technology applications such as big data,cloud platform,Internet of things and mobile terminals to promote the deep integration of photovoltaic industry and energy Internet.Through the construction of cloud edge collaborative technology architecture and multi-level management system,data flow is smoothed and the management chain is opened to realize the high integration and sharing of resources and experience.It can effectively improve the automation,refinement and intelligent management level of photovoltaic power station.