合肥市924名孕妇不同时期焦虑动态变化及影响因素分析

Dynamic changes and influencing factors of anxiety in different periods in 924 pregnant women in Hefei City

目的描述合肥市参与产前筛查的孕妇不同时期的焦虑变化及影响因素。方法选取参与产前筛查孕妇924例,采用焦虑自评量表分别在产前筛查前、产前筛查后、孕晚期(≥28周)和产后6周对孕妇焦虑症状进行评估。结果产前筛查前、产前筛查后、孕晚期、产后6周焦虑症状得分分别为(25.7±5.3)分、(25.5±5.1)分、(24.7±5.3)分、(23.9±6.4)分,整体得分呈下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(F=19.964,P<0.001)。产前筛查前,怀孕年龄为25~30岁是焦虑症状发生的保护因素(OR=0.323,95%CI:0.130~0.805),从事以脑力为主的职业(OR=2.641,95%CI:1.136~6.141)、患妇科病(OR=2.695,95%CI:1.166~6.231)是焦虑症状发生的危险因素;产前筛查后,孕妇产次为2次及以上是焦虑症状发生的危险因素(OR=6.611,95%CI:1.541~28.367);孕晚期,怀孕年龄为25~30岁是焦虑症状发生的保护因素(OR=0.215,95%CI:0.064~0.723);在产后6周,产筛高风险是焦虑症状发生的危险因素(OR=2.729,95%CI:1.012~7.360)。结论从产前筛查前到产后6周孕妇整体焦虑症状减轻。孕妇不同时期焦虑症状的影响因素既有共性也有不同。

Objective To describe the changes and influencing factors of anxiety in different periods among pregnant women with prenatal screening in Hefei City.Methods We selected 924 pregnant women undergoing prenatal screening,and evaluated their anxiety symptoms before prenatal screening,after prenatal screening,in the third trimester(≥28 weeks)and at 6 weeks postpartum by using Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS).Results The scores of anxiety symptoms before prenatal screening,after prenatal screening,in late pregnancy and at 6 weeks postpartum were(25.7±5.3),(25.5±5.1),(24.7±5.3)and(23.9±6.4),respectively,and the overall score showed a downward trend,with statistically significant differences(F=19.964,P<0.001).Before prenatal screening,pregnancy at the age of 25-30 years was a protective factor for the occurrence of anxiety symptoms(OR=0.323,95%CI:0.130-0.805),while engaging in mental occupation(OR=2.641,95%CI:1.136-6.141)and suffering from gynecological disease(OR=2.695,95%CI:1.166-6.231)were risk factors for the occurrence of anxiety symptoms.After prenatal screening,two or more births were risk factors for the occurrence of anxiety symptoms(OR=6.611,95%CI:1.541-28.367),while the third trimester and pregnancy at the age of 25-30 years were protective factors for the occurrence of anxiety symptoms(OR=0.215,95%CI:0.064-0.723).At 6 weeks postpartum,high risk in the screening was a risk factor for the occurrence of anxiety symptoms(OR=2.729,95%CI:1.012-7.360).Conclusion Anxiety symptoms of the pregnant women were relieved from before prenatal screening to 6 weeks postpartum.There are similarities and differences in the factors influencing the pregnant women’s anxiety symptoms in different periods.