奶牛运动行为智能监测研究进展与技术趋势

Research Progress and Technology Trend of Intelligent Morning of Dairy Cow Motion Behavior

奶牛运动行为蕴含着诸多健康信息。信息化、智能化技术的应用有助于养殖场及时掌握奶牛健康状况,提高养殖效率。本文主要针对奶牛运动行为智能监测技术的研究进展予以分析,首先对奶牛基本运动(躺卧、行走、站立)、发情、呼吸、反刍及跛行等行为的监测意义进行阐述,明确了奶牛行为监测的必要性;其次按照时间顺序分别从接触式监测方法和非接触式监测方法两方面综述了国内外相关研究现状,对相关研究的原理及成果进行详细介绍,并进行了分类总结;对奶牛行为监测产业发展现状进行了分析,介绍了国外主流牧场自动化设备供应商主营业务及代表产品;之后分别提出了当前接触式和非接触式奶牛运动行为监测方法的问题与挑战。最后,针对相关关键技术的发展趋势进行了展望。

The motion behavior of dairy cows contains much of health information.The application of information and intelligent technology will help farms grasp the health status of dairy cows in time and improve breeding efficiency.In this paper,the development trend of intelligent morning technology of cow’s motion behavior was mainly analyzed.Firstly,on the basis of expounding the significance of monitoring the basic motion(lying,walking,standing),oestrus,breathing,rumination and limping of dairy cows,the necessity of behavior monitoring of dairy cows was introduced.Secondly,the current research status was summarized from contact monitoring methods and non-contact monitoring methods in chronological order.The principle and achievements of related research were introduced in detail and classified.It is found that the current contact monitoring methods mainly rely on acceleration sensors,pedometers and pressure sensors,while the non-contact monitoring methods mainly rely on video images,including traditional video image analysis and video image analysis based on deep learning.Then,the development status of cow behavior monitoring industry was analyzed,and the main businesses and mainstream products of representative livestock farm automation equipment suppliers were listed.Industry giants,such as Afimilk and DeLaval,as well as their products such as intelligent collar(AfiCollar),pedometer(AfiActll Tag) and automatic milking equipment(VMSV300) were introduced.After that,the problems and challenges of current contact and non-contact monitoring methods of dairy cow motion behavior were put forward.The current intelligent monitoring methods of dairy cows’ motion behavior are mainly wearable devices,but they have some disadvantages,such as bring stress to dairy cows and are difficult to install and maintain.Although the non-contact monitoring methods based on video image analysis technology does not bring stress to dairy cows and is low cost,the relevant research is still in its infancy,and there is still a certain distance from commercial use.Finally,the future development directions of relevant key technologies were prospected,including miniaturization and integration of wearable monitoring equipment,improving the robustness of computer vision technology,multi-target monitoring with limited equipment and promoting technology industrialization.