高收缩涤纶与普通涤纶的结构与性能探讨

Discussion on Structure and Properties of High Shrinkage Polyester and Common Polyester Fiber

为了进一步了解高收缩涤纶与普通涤纶的结构与性能特点,推进纤维的改性和应用,利用扫描电镜、傅里叶红外光谱、热重分析法、纤维强伸度仪对两种纤维的形貌、结构以及性能进行了系统的对比分析。结果表明:高收缩涤纶与普通涤纶表面形貌和化学结构类似,但高收缩涤纶直径更大;两种纤维的耐热性接近,但高收缩涤纶表现出更高的热稳定性,高收缩涤纶的热收缩性明显优于普通涤纶,且热收缩性受到温度和湿度的双重影响;高收缩涤纶的断裂强度要低于普通涤纶,但其断裂伸长率更大。

In order to further understand the structure and performance characteristics of high shrinkage polyester fiber and common polyester fiber,and promote the modification and application of fiber,the mor⁃phology,structure and properties of the high shrinkage polyester fiber and common polyester fiber were ana⁃lyzed by using scanning electron microscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,thermo-gravimetric analysis and fiber strength and elongation tester.The results showed that the surface morphology and chemi⁃cal structure of high shrinkage polyester fiber were similar to that of common polyester fiber,but the diame⁃ter of high shrinkage polyester fiber is larger.The heat resistance of the two fibers is similar,but the high shrinkage polyester fiber shows higher thermal stability,and the heat shrinkage of the high shrinkage polyes⁃ter fiber is obviously better than that of the common polyester fiber,and the heat shrinkage is affected by both temperature and humidity.The breaking strength of high shrinkage polyester fiber is lower than that of common polyester fiber,but its elongation at break is higher.