不同饲养阶段青脚麻鸡饲粮代谢能需要量研究

Dietary Metabolizable Energy Requirement of Blue-footed Partridge Chickens in Different Feeding Stages

试验旨在研究不同饲养阶段青脚麻鸡代谢能(ME)需要量。试验分别选用1、23日龄和46日龄健康、发育良好的青脚麻鸡,分3阶段进行饲养试验,每阶段随机分为5组,每组6个重复栏(公、母各3栏),每重复栏73只鸡。1~22日龄各组饲粮代谢能水平分别为11.92、12.13、12.34、12.55 MJ/kg和12.76 MJ/kg,23~45日龄各组代谢能水平分别为12.34、12.55、12.76、12.97 MJ/kg和13.18 MJ/kg,46~68日龄各组代谢能水平分别为12.76、12.97、13.18、13.39 MJ/kg和13.60 MJ/kg。试验鸡网上平养、自由采食和饮水。结果表明:1~22日龄阶段,母鸡2组和3组料重比显著低于其他组(P<0.05);公鸡血清三酰甘油含量1组和3组显著低于其他各组(P<0.05),尿素氮含量2组显著高于1组和4组(P<0.05)。23~45日龄阶段,母鸡1组平均日采食量显著高于4组和5组(P<0.05);公鸡料重比1组显著高于2、3、5组(P<0.05),母鸡料重比1组显著高于3、4、5组(P<0.05);公鸡和母鸡的腹脂率1、2组显著低于5组。46~68日龄阶段,母鸡平均日增重1组显著低于其他各组(P<0.05),料重比1组显著高于其他各组(P<0.05);公鸡1组腹脂率、血清三酰甘油含量显著低于其他各组(P<0.05);母鸡1组腹脂率显著低于3、4、5组,三酰甘油含量显著低于4组。综合考虑各项指标结合二次曲线模型分析得出,1~22、23~45、46~68日龄阶段青脚麻鸡公鸡代谢能适宜水平分别为:12.48、12.92、13.31 MJ/kg;母鸡的分别为:12.26、12.95、13.33 MJ/kg。

The experiment was conducted to investigate the requirement of metabolizable energy(ME)forblue-footed partridge chickens in different feeding periods.The healthy and well-developed blue-footedpartridge chickens were selected at the age of 1,23 and 46 days.The feeding experiment was carried outin three stages.In each stage,chickens were randomly divided into five groups and each with six repeat-ing pens(three male and three female)and 73 chickens per replicate pen.The ME levels of five treatments at the age of 1-22 days were 11.92,12.13,12.34,12.55 MJ/kg and 12.76 MJ/kg,respective-ly.The five dietary ME levels at the age of 23-45 days were 12.34,12.55,12.76,12.97 MJ/kg and13.18 MJ/kg,respectively.The ME levels for chick-ens in five groups at the age of 46-68 days were12.76,12.97,13.18,13.39 MJ/kg and 13.60 MJ/kg,respectively.Chickens had ad libitum access to di-et and water on thenet.The results showed that:during the 1-22 days of age,feed conversion ratio(FCR)of female chickens in the groups 2 and 3 was significantly lower than that of the other three groups(P<0.05).Serum triglyceride levels of malechickens in groups 1 and 3 were significantly lower than those of the other groups(P<0.05),and urea ni-trogen content in the second group was significantly higher than that in the first and fourth group(P<0.05).During the 23-45 days of age,feed intake of female chickens in the first group was significantlyhigher than that in the fourth and fifth group.The FCR of male chickens in the first group was signifi-cantly higher than that in second,third and fifth group(P<0.05),and that of female chickens in the firstgroup was higher than that in the third,fourth and fifth group,abdominal fat percentage of chickens ingroups 1 and 2 was significantly higher than that in group 5.During 46-68 days old,with the increase ofME level,the average daily gain(ADG)of female chickens in the first group was significantly lower thanthat in the other groups(P<0.05),and the FCR in the first group was significantly higher than that in theother groups(P<0.05).Abdominal fat percentage,contents of serum triglyceride and cholesterol of malechickens in the group 1 were higher than those in the other groups,the abdominal fat percentage of fe-male chickens was significantly higher than that in the groups 3,4 and 5,and cholesterol of femalechickens in the group 1 was significant higher than that in other groups.The FCR showed a quadratic ef-fect with increasing metabolizable energy level.The ADFI of female birds at 23 to 45 days of age de-creased with the increase of metabolizable energy level,while the ADG of chickens at 46 to 68 daysof age increased first and then decreased with the increase of metabolizable energy level.Comprehen-sive consideration of various indicators and quadratic model,the appropriate level of ME of blue-footpartridge chickens at the age of 1-22,23-45 days and 46-68 days were 12.48,12.92 MJ/kg and13.31 MJ/kg on male birds and 12.26,12.95 MJ/kg and 13.33 MJ/kg on female chickens,respectively.