负性情绪在冲突适应中的作用机制:分离与整合视角

The underlying mechanisms of negative affect in(cognitive)conflict adaptation:Separated vs.integrated insights

负性情绪如何影响冲突适应一直以来受到领域内研究者们的广泛关注。根据负性情绪产生的源头(冲突外部操纵vs.冲突内部固有),对于该问题的论述可以分别从认知与情绪的分离与整合视角展开。分离视角下,操纵于冲突之外的负性情绪(外部负性情绪)独立于冲突加工过程,通过情绪加工系统或个体自身的动机/唤醒水平影响冲突适应。近些年来的研究发现冲突加工自动产生负性情绪(固有负性情绪),寓示着认知冲突与负性情绪间的内在关联,固有负性情绪因此可被视作诱发冲突适应的另一个有效来源。整合视角下,操纵于冲突内部的(固有)负性情绪高度整合于冲突加工过程,其功能与冲突信息类似,通过内在地促进目标导向行为直接诱发冲突适应。对这一主题的论述加深了我们对负性情绪如何作用于冲突适应过程的理解,也为探索认知与情绪系统的整合过程及作用机制提供了一个全新的视角,在此基础上,我们也提出一些未来可行的研究方向。

How negative affect influences conflict adaptation has been widely studied and of a concern for researchers.According to the types of negative affect that is either incidental or integral,this research question can be further discussed from the separated and the integrated relationship of cognition with emotion.From the separated perspective,incidental negative affect,which is manipulated externally from conflict,is an independent factor that modulates conflict adaptation by means of activating emotional processing system,alternatively by mediating individuals’arousal/motivational levels.Interestingly,recent studies have indicated that conflict is inherently aversive and being termed as integral negative affect,thus suggesting the inherent relationship between conflict and negative affect.In this sense,negative affect can be regarded as another source that plays the similar role with conflicting information in generating conflict adaptation.Accordingly,from the integrated perspective,integral negative affect is highly integrated with conflict processing,which can inherently promote goal-related performance and elicit conflict adaptation.Therefore,discussing the influence of negative affect on conflict adaptation from the insight into the relationship of cognition(conflict)with negative affect deepens our understanding regarding how negative affect exerts its impact on conflict adaptation,which also provides a new insight into how cognition integrates with emotion.On this basis,we further put forward some new directions for the future studies.