日光温室雾化降温系统对越夏番茄生长与品质的影响

Effects of Atomization Cooling System in Solar Greenhouse on Growth and Quality of Tomatoes in Summer Surviving

以“金妃”与“千禧”樱桃番茄为试材,以没有夏季降温系统的传统温室为对照,以添加雾化降温、间断式内遮阳、纸膜覆盖复合降温系统温室为处理,研究不同降温处理对温室环境及越夏番茄生长与品质的影响,以期为我国北方地区番茄越夏高品质生长提供参考依据。结果表明:复合降温系统对番茄植株生长有一致的调控作用,但复合系统对“金妃”樱桃番茄越夏生长调控作用大于“千禧”品种。与对照相比,处理温室平均降低环境温度3.67℃,降低基质温度1.53℃;提高了番茄株高相对生长率、总生物量与单株产量,其中“金妃”与“千禧”处理产量分别提高了23.63%和12.25%,净光合速率分别提高71.68%和32.43%。同时处理温室适宜的温光条件提高了“金妃”与“千禧”的有机酸、维生素C、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖含量,分别显著增加14.36%、42.82%、11.84%、21.56%和34.05%、33.29%、14.06%、23.15%。综合分析,复合降温系统可调控空气和基质温度,提高番茄产量和品质。

Two varieties of cherry tomatoes,‘Jinfei’and‘Qianxi’were used as the test materials,and traditional greenhouses without summer cooling systems were used as control.Three kinds of treatments,such as atomization cooling,intermittent internal shading,and paper film covering composite cooling system greenhouse,were used to observe the effects of different cooling treatments on the greenhouse environment,in order to provide reference for improving the growth and quality of tomatoes in summer surviving.The results showed that the compound cooling system had a consistent regulation on the growth of tomato plants,but the compound system had a greater regulating effect on the over-summer growth of‘Jinfei’cherry tomatoes than which of the millennium variety.Compared with the control,the average environmental temperature of the treatment greenhouse dropped by 3.67℃and the average substrate temperature dropped by 1.53℃;it increased the relative growth rate of tomato plant height,total biomass and yield per plant,and the yield of‘Jinfei’and‘Qianxi’treatments increased by 23.63%and 12.25%respectively,the net photosynthetic rate increased by 71.68%and 32.43%,respectively.At the same time,treatment of suitable temperature and light conditions in the greenhouse increased the organic acids,vitamin C,soluble solids,and soluble sugar content of‘Jinfei’and‘Qianxi’,significantly increasing by 14.36%,42.82%,11.84%,21.56%,and 34.05%,33.29%,14.06%,23.15%,respectively.Comprehensive analysis showed that the compound cooling system could regulate the air and substrate temperature,and improved the yield and quality of tomatoes.