重庆市某区中小学生传染病防治知识、健康行为形成情况及影响因素分析

Formation situation of knowledge and healthy behaviors of infectious disease prevention and control among primary and secondary students in a district of Chongqing City and its influencing factors analysis

目的了解重庆市某区中小学生对传染病防治知识的知晓、健康行为形成情况及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样获得重庆市某区8所中小学校的2144名学生,自行设计调查表进行问卷调查,包括一般特征和相关因素、传染病相关知识、健康行为、知识获取途径和需求。对可能的影响因素进行logistic回归分析。结果重庆市某区中小学生传染病防治知识总体知晓率为68.70%,男生、女生的知晓率分别为67.15%、70.05%;小学生、中学生的知晓率分别为67.07%、70.58%,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。中小学生健康行为总体形成率为69.54%,男生、女生健康行为形成率为69.09%、70.32%,小学生、中学生健康行为形成率分别为72.99%、66.06%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,高学段、女生、户籍为城镇的学生相关知识知晓率高,户籍为城镇、非独生子女、低学段、家庭人口数较少的学生健康行为习惯形成的好。结论重庆市某区中小学生传染病防控知识水平较低,相关健康行为有待提高,应针对性地开展干预,重点关注中学生的健康行为。

Objective To understand the awareness of primary and secondary students in a district of Chongqing City on the knowledge of infectious disease prevention and control,formation situation of healthy behaviors and its influencing factors.Methods The multi-stage cluster random sampling was adopted to obtain 2144 students from 8 primary and middle schools.The self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct the questionnaire survey,including the general characteristics,related factors,infectious diseases related knowledge,healthy behaviors,knowledge acquisition approaches and requirements.The logistic regression analysis was performed on the potential influencing factors.Results The overall awareness rate of infectious disease prevention and control knowledge among the primary and secondary school students in a district of Chongqing City was 68.70%,which in boy students and girl students were 67.15%and 70.05%respectively.The awareness rates of primary students and middle school students were 67.07%and 70.58%respectively,and the differences was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The overall formation rate of health behaviors in primary and middle school students was 69.54%,which in boy students and girl students were 69.09%and 70.32%respectively,which in the primary school students and the middle school students were 72.99%and 66.06%respectively,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.001).The multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that the awareness rate of related knowledge in the high study stage,girl students and students with urban registered residence was high.The healthy behavior habits in the students with urban registered residence,non-only child,low study stage and small family size were formed well.Conclusion The level of infectious diseases prevention and control knowledge among the primary and middle school students in a district of Chongqing City is lower,the related healthy behaviors need to be increased,the targeted intervention should be carried out by focusing on the health behaviors of middle school students.