杂交鹅掌楸在汉中市的生长规律

Performance of Hybrid Chinese Tulip Tree in Hanzhong Prefecture

为给汉中市园林绿化和用材林建设提供优良树种和栽植技术,以乡土树种鹅掌楸为对照,对从南京引进的杂交鹅掌楸物候期、适应性和抗逆性、树高及胸径生长规律进行了观察测定研究,结果为杂交鹅掌楸适应汉中市气候与土壤条件,试验期间未发生冻害和病虫害,适应性强,生育期230 d,比鹅掌楸多6 d左右,早春萌动展叶早,晚秋落叶晚;二树种的高度、胸径生长均符合logistic曲线方程,杂交鹅掌楸高度、胸径都高于鹅掌楸,树龄5 a(栽植4 a)后进入快速生长期,栽植10a后进入缓慢生长期;杂交鹅掌楸可作为园林绿化和用材树种在汉中市推广,应选择土质疏松、土层深厚、排水良好的平地或缓坡地,春季3月20日前栽植,快速生长期增施磷、钾肥,注意灌溉和排水防涝。

To provide fine tree species of timber and landscape application in Hanzhong, hybrid Chinese tulip tree was introduced from Nanjing to compare with the native tulip tree in Hanzhong. The performance of hybrid Chinese tulip trees were observed regarding phenology, adaptation, stress resistance, height of tree and DBH growth. The result showed that hybrid Chinese tulip trees were adaptive to Hanzhong in terms of climate and soil, there were no freezing hazard or pest and disease infestation. Its development stage lasted 230 d, 6 d more than the native one. Spring emergence occurred earlier and foliage in autumn later. The growth curve of both species in terms of height growth and DBH growth were in consistent with logistic formulation. Hybrid Chinese tulip tree performed better than native one regarding height and DBH. Trees at 5 a entered into fast growth period and slowed down at 10 a. Deep soil with good aeration and drainage located at slow slope or flat land is good for hybrid Chinese tulip trees. It is better to plant the new ones before March 20 and use fertilizers during fast growth period.