高陵地区浅层地下水水化学特征及其形成作用

Hydrochemical characteristics and formation of shallow groundwater in Gaoling Area

了解区域地下水的水化学特征及其形成作用,对地下水环境的保护及地下水资源的合理利用具有重要意义。在高陵县幅1:5万水文地质调查基础上,系统采集区内河水与地下水水样,结合研究区水文地质条件,对区内地下水水化学特征与形成作用开展了研究。通过对水质结果进行统计分析,得出不同区域地下水水化学类型及主要离子浓度特征,将本区地下水分为HCO_(3)-Na·Mg型、HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Na·Mg型、HCO_(3)·SO_(4)·Cl-Na·Mg型及SO_(4)·Cl-Na·Mg型四种类型水。运用水化学参数相关性分析、阴阳离子Piper三线图、Gibbs图、离子比例系数等方法对区域地下水水化学空间分布及演化特征进行综合分析,得出区内地下水的水化学成因主要为溶滤作用和蒸发浓缩作用,由补给区到径流排泄区,地下水水化学类型由HCO_(3)-Na·Mg型过渡到HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Na·Mg型,再近一步演化为HCO_(3)·SO_(4)·Cl-Na·Mg型。研究成果可为进一步研究区域地下水循环、地下水开发利用提供依据。

Understanding the hydro-chemical characteristics and formation of regional groundwater has great significance for the protection of groundwater environment and the rational utilization of groundwater resources.On the basis of the 1:50000 hydrogeological survey of Gaoling County,the river water and groundwater samples in the area were systematically collected,combined with the hydrogeological conditions of the study area,the hydro-chemical characteristics and formation of groundwater in the area were studied.Through the statistical analysis of water quality results,the groundwater chemical types and main ion concentration characteristics of different regions were obtained,and the groundwater in this area was divided into four types of water:HCO_(3)-Na·Mg,HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Na·Mg,HCO_(3)·SO_(4)·Cl-Na·Mg and SO_(4)·Cl-Na·Mg.The spatial distribution and evolution characteristics of regional groundwater hydrochemistry were comprehensively analyzed by using hydro-chemical parameter correlation analysis,Cation and anion Piper ternary diagram,Gibbs diagram and ion ratio coefficient.It was concluded that the hydro-chemical genesis of groundwater in the region was mainly leaching and evaporation concentration.From the recharge area to the runoff discharge area,the water chemical type of groundwater transitions from HCO_(3)-Na·Mg type to HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Na·Mg type,and further evolves to HCO_(3)·SO_(4)·Cl-Na·Mg type.The research results can provide a basis for further research on regional groundwater circulation and groundwater development and utilization.