不同植物措施应用下的生态系统水土保持功能评估方法

Evaluation method of soil and water conservation function of ecosystem under the application of different plant measures

为检测不同植被类型对生态系统水土保持功能的效果,选择某区域作为研究对象,基于ENVI与ArcGIS软件设计不同植物措施应用下的生态系统水土保持功能评估方法。划定研究区域内五种植被类型,实验结果显示:在水源涵养功能评估中,五种植被的水源涵养能力以及单位面积水源涵养量的排序由大到小为草地、灌木草地、林地、林地与灌木混合区域、耕地。在土壤水分保持功能的评估中,耕地的土壤潜在侵蚀量与实际侵蚀量远大于其它四种植被类型,剩余四种植被中灌木>灌木与林地混合区域>林地>草地;单位面积土壤保持量的排序中,耕地远小于其他植被类型,其余排序分别为草地>林地>林地与灌木混合区域>灌木。由此可见,五种植被类型中,草地对水土保持功能的作用效果最强,耕地最差。

In order to test the effect of different vegetation types on ecosystem water and soil conservation function, an area was selected as the research object, and the evaluation method of ecosystem water and soil conservation function under the application of different plant measures was designed based on ENVI and ArcGIS software. Delineate five types of vegetation in the study area. The experimental results show that: in the evaluation of water conservation function, the water conservation capacity of the five types of vegetation and the water conservation amount per unit area are ranked from large to small: grassland, shrub grassland, woodland, woodland and Shrub mixed areas, cultivated land. In the evaluation of soil water conservation function, the potential and actual soil erosion of cultivated land are much greater than those of the other four vegetation types. Among the remaining four vegetation types, shrubs > mixed area of shrubs and forest land > forest land > grassland. In the order of soil conservation per unit area, cultivated land is far less than other vegetation types, and the other orders are grassland > forest land > mixed area of forest land and shrub > shrub. It can be seen that among the five vegetation types, grassland has the strongest effect on Soil and water conservation, and cultivated land is the worst.