2006-2017年辽宁省森林涵养水源功能价值变化与驱动力

The Dynamic Change of Water Conservation Service Value of Forest Ecosystem in Liaoning Province from 2006 to 2017 and its Driving Force Analysis

为掌握辽宁省森林植被涵养水源动态变化特征和规律,给辽宁省林业建设、水资源安全管理和森林涵养水源研究提供理论依据,对辽宁省2006-2017年6个时段森林生态系统及典型优势树种组涵养水源服务功能价值动态变化进行了分析研究,结论为:2006-2017年辽宁省森林生态系统涵养水源服务功能与价值量持续递增,涵养水源量由2006年114.05亿立方米增长到2017年208.20亿立方米,增长率82.6%;涵养水源价值由2006年897.69亿元增长到2017年的1705.19亿元,增长率89.9%;在占辽宁省森林生态系统主体地位的柞树组、落叶松组、油松组、刺槐组、杨树组、灌木林组等6个林分组中,涵养水源量柞树组最大(占6林分组总量49.6%~66.2%),油松林组增加最快,灌木林组变化较为平缓,除灌木林组呈现先增加后减少趋势外,其余各树种组均持续递增;涵养水源价值量也是柞树组最大(占6林分组总量39.2%~52.1%)、增加最快,柞树组、落叶松组、刺槐组林地持续增加,油松组、杨树组、灌木林组先增加后降低。涵养水源功能与价值量变化驱动力因素主要包括国家政策和退耕还林等工程、社会经济发展和自然环境禀赋。

To further understand the laws concerning dynamic change of water conservation in forest and theoretical basis to drive forestry development,water resources security and forest water conservation,the water conservation service function value of forest ecosystem and typical dominant tree species during six periods in Liaoning Province from 2006 to 2017 were studied.The result showed that from 2006 to 2017,the water conservation service and its function value of forest ecosystem in Liaoning Province were in an increasing trend.The water conservation increased from 11.405 billion m3 in 2006 to 20.820 billion m3 in 2017,with an increase rate of 82.6%.The value of water conservation increased from 89.769 billion yuan in 2006 to 170.519 billion yuan in 2017,with a growth rate of 89.9%.Among the six forest groups——oak group,larch group,Chinese pine group,Robinia group,poplar group and shrub group,oak group took up the largest amount in water conservation(49.6%-66.2%of the total six groups of forest),while Chinese pine group increased the fastest in the amount of water conservation,and the change of shrub group was relatively gentle.All groups of forest except the shrub group showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing.The value of water conservation was also the largest(39.2%-52.1%)among the six groups and increased the fastest.The forestland of oak group,larch group and Robinia group increased continuously,while values of Chinese pine group,poplar group and shrub group in water conservation increased first and then decreased.The driving factors for the change of water conservation function and value mainly include national policies,projects such as returning farmland to forest,social and economic development and natural environment endowment.