双重韧性何以化解易地扶贫搬迁社区的结构性风险?——基于桂南A县的案例研究

How Can Dual Resilience Resolve the Structural Risks of Relocated Communities for Poverty Alleviation?——Case Analysis Based on a County in Southern Guangxi

鉴于易地扶贫搬迁社区是巩固脱贫攻坚成果和实现乡村振兴有效衔接的重要场域,在后搬迁时代亟须将焦点置于这类过渡型社区“搬后怎么办”的问题上。城镇集中安置的易地扶贫搬迁社区在后续治理进程中面临生计脱嵌、文化断层、社会稳定及空间衰败等相对特殊的结构性风险,影响这类社区无法形成可持续发展机制。从韧性治理和结构—功能主义两者相融合视角出发,借由结构韧性与功能韧性及其两者互动调适的治理机制,为化解易地扶贫搬迁社区的结构性风险提供一种学理解释。主体韧性、制度韧性和目标分工建构冗余敏捷的结构韧性治理机制,通过结构韧性而产生的功能韧性反作用于结构的调适,二者在双向互动的过程中共同催生易地扶贫搬迁社区实现“前驱抗逆→稳定恢复→适应自治”的韧性进阶,有效化解易地扶贫搬迁社区的结构性风险,为推进易地扶贫搬迁社区向基层治理现代化转型提供可行的方案。

In view of the fact that relocated poverty alleviation community is an important field for realizing the effective connection between rural revitalization and consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation,it is urgent to focus on the“what to do after relocation”in the post-relocation era.From the perspective of the integration of resilience and structure functionalism,this paper provides a theoretical explanation for resolving the structural risks of relocated poverty alleviation communities through the governance mechanism of structural resilience,functional resilience and their interactive debugging.From the deconstruction results of the case,it can be seen that the subject resilience,institutional resilience and target division of labor construct a precautionary and quick-response structural resilience governance mechanism.At the same time,the functional resilience generated through structural resilience is also reacting on the structural resilience.In the process of the two-way interaction,they jointly promote the resilience advancement of the relocated poverty alleviation community to achieve“precursor resilience→stable recovery→adaptive autonomy”,which provides a feasible scheme for promoting the transformation of the relocated communities for poverty alleviation to the modernization of grass-roots governance.