光动力抗菌高分子材料研究进展

Photodynamic Antibacterial Therapy Based on Polymer Materials

细菌感染是目前人类面临的最为严重的健康问题之一,常规抗生素治疗面临着细菌耐药性等问题,光动力抗菌疗法因具有抗菌谱广、非侵入性以及不易引发耐药性的特点而广受关注,但传统小分子光敏剂由于水溶性较差、缺乏组织靶向性以及对正常组织细胞存在光照毒性等缺点而限制了后续的生物应用。首先介绍了光动力抗菌治疗的基本原理,然后概述了广谱性光动力抗菌高分子材料、细菌靶向性光动力高分子材料、微环境响应性光动力高分子材料这几种光动力材料的研究进展,并对每种光动力治疗材料的构建进行了简要分析,最后总结了目前构建新型聚合物基光动力抗菌材料所面临的主要问题,提出了未来构建新型光动力抗菌材料的发展方向,希望为我国光动力抗菌治疗的发展提供参考。

Bacterial infesctions are currently one of the most serious health problems facing humans.Conventional antibiotic treatments are faced with problems such as bacterial resistance.Photodynamic antibacterial therapy is widely used because of its broad antibacterial spectrum,non-invasiveness,and uneasy to cause drug resistance.However,traditional small molecule photosensitizers have limited clinical applications due to their poor water solubility,lack of tissue targeting,and phototoxicity to normal tissue cells.This article first introduced the basic principles of photodynamic antibacterial therapy,then summarized the research progress of broad-spectrum photodynamic therapy,bacterial-targeted photodynamic therapy,and microenvironment-responsive photodynamic therapy,and briefly analyzed the construction of each photodynamic therapy material,then summarized the main problems facing the current construction of new polymer-based photodynamic antibacterial materials,and proposed direction of building new photodynamic antibacterial materials in the future.This article provides an important reference to the development of photodynamic antibacterial therapy in China.