乙醇检测用SnO_(2)材料的微观组织结构及灵敏度研究进展

Research Progress on Microstructure and Sensitivity Characteristics of SnO_(2) Materials for Ethanol Detection

SnO_(2)气敏传感器对乙醇气体的最小分辨率、灵敏度、可靠性与使用寿命,除与SnO_(2)半导体的自身性质相关外,还极大地受到了SnO_(2)微观形貌的影响。不同微观形貌的SnO_(2)对乙醇气体的灵敏度、工作温度、响应范围的差异可达十倍乃至几十倍。近年来,针对提升SnO_(2)材料的乙醇灵敏度和拓宽响应范围,研究人员的关注点主要集中在通过设计、制备不同的微观形貌,提高SnO_(2)材料对乙醇气体的检测能力。例如通过不同的制备工艺,制备出结构稳定、粗糙多孔、高比表面积、甚至具备介观周期性的SnO_(2)微结构以大幅提升该器件的灵敏度和响应范围。综述了乙醇敏感SnO_(2)材料的研究进展,按形貌维度分类,对其制备方法、多孔性与比表面积以及对乙醇的灵敏度等进行了介绍,讨论了微观组织结构对SnO_(2)材料灵敏度的影响,以期为设计制备高性能乙醇敏感SnO_(2)材料提供参考。

The minimum resolution,sensitivity,reliability and service life of SnO_(2) gas sensors are greatly affected by the microstructure of SnO_(2) besides the properties of SnO_(2) semiconductors.The differences of the sensitivity,working temperature and sensitive range to ethanol gas of SnO_(2) with different microscopic morphologies can reach ten times or even dozens of times.Therefore,in recent years,the research on improving the ethanol sensitivity of SnO_(2) materials and broadening the sensitive range mainly focuses on how to design and prepare SnO_(2) materials with different microscopic morphologies to improve their detection capabilities for ethanol gas.For example,the SnO_(2) microstructures with high stability,rough porosity,high specific surface area,and even mesoscopic periodicity,can be fabricated by different processes,which can greatly improve the sensitivity and sensitive range of the device.In this paper,the research progress of ethanol sensitive SnO_(2) materials is summarized from aspects of the morphology and preparation methods,porosity and specific surface area,working temperature,ethanol sensitivity characteristics.The influences of microstructures on the sensitivity of SnO_(2) materials are discussed to provide guidance for designing and manufacturing high-performance ethanol sensitive SnO_(2) materials.