论贿赂犯罪的差序法益构造

On the Differentiated Structure of Legal Interestsof Bribery Crimes

贿赂犯罪教义学体系的建构需要统一的保护法益作为指导。在贿赂犯罪的构造上,应超越传统的受贿人与行贿人的两极构造,从分配行政的立场出发,分别从平行的社会一般人、全体国民、国家的视角逐层考察受贿人与行贿人形成的交易关系所侵害的内容。与贿赂犯罪的这种差序构造相对应,贿赂犯罪的保护法益也由渐进式的三重内容构成,第一重是从与行贿人处于同等的资源竞争地位的平行社会一般人的视角出发,贿赂犯罪侵犯了其获取维系生存和自由发展的公共资源的机会公平性;第二重是从全体国民的视角出发,贿赂犯罪破坏了国民对于凭借自己实力获取相应公共资源的信赖利益;第三重是从国家的视角出发,贿赂犯罪累积性地侵犯国家这一抽象人格体的存在根基。

The establishment of the dogmatic system of bribery crimes requires the guidance of a unified protected legal interests.With regard to the structure of bribery crimes,we should go beyond the traditional bipolar structure of the bribee and the briber,starting from the standpoint of distributive administration,to examine the content damaged by the transaction relationship formed between a bribee and a briber level-by-level from the perspectives of an average person in the paralleled society,all citizens,and the country.Corresponding to the differentiated structure of bribery crimes,the protected legal interests of bribery crimes also consist of three aspects of content.The first one is that from the perspective of an average person in the paralleled society who enjoys the same resourcefully competitive position as the briber,bribery crimes violate the fairness of the opportunity to obtain public resources that sustain survival and free development;the second one is that from the perspective of all citizens,the bribery crimes undermine the citizens’reliance interest that they can obtaincorresponding public resources on their own strengths;the third one is that from the perspective of the country,bribery crimes cumulatively violate the its existence foundation as abstract personality.