《刑法修正案(十一)》的回应性特征与系统性反思

The Responsive Feature of Amendment XI to the Criminal Law and the Systematic Reflection

《刑法修正案(十一)》的立法动因在于对社会现象、对法秩序统一的要求、对国家政策调整的回应,在回应性修法理念的指导下,《刑法修正案(十一)》的总体特征表现为重刑化和轻罪罪名大量入法的犯罪化趋势。修法对现实的回应是刑法社会属性的应然要求,但是过度回应的修法理念也导致了刑法部分条文的设置缺乏协调性、前科消灭制度的依然缺失以及刑法功能的错误定位等不足。对过度回应的修法理念应当进行反思,在未来刑法的修法过程中,应当在回应性与前瞻性之间保持平衡,应当更多关注除罪化的制度建设,抑制犯罪化、重刑化的倾向。

The legislative motivation for the Amendment XI to the Criminal law lies in the response to the social phenomena,the requirement of the unity in the legal order,and the adjusted state policies.Under the guidance of the idea of responsive amendment,the general characteristic of the Amendment XI to the Criminal law is the trend of imposing more severe punishment and creating more offenses by criminalizing a large number of misdemeanors.The response to the reality through legislative amendment is the ought-to-be requirement of the social nature of the criminal law,however the idea of excessive responsiveness of legislative amendment results in the lack of coordination among some criminal provisions,the absence of the system of expunging the criminal record applicable to misdemeanors,and the incorrectly-determined function of the criminal law.It is necessary to reflect the the idea of excessive responsiveness of legislative amendment.In the course of criminal legislation in the future,it is necessary to keep the balance between the responsiveness and the prospectiveness,pay more attention to the system construction on decriminalization rather than the singular trend of creating more offenses and imposing more severe punishment.