从“探究”到“实践”:探究式教学法的内涵、本质与发展

From Inquiry to Practice:The Connotation,Essence and Development of Inquiry-based Teaching Method

本文通过解读探究的内涵与过程、探究式科学教育的本质特征、实践与探究的关系,深入分析探究式教学在近半个世纪的演变历程,以及发展出的各种教学模式。说明在演变的过程中,探究式教学的实质并没有发生改变,也不受教育场域的影响。多层次的探究法、5E/6E学习环模式、基于模型的探究、论证式探究、项目化学习等多种教学模式各有侧重、各有优势,但都遵循以学生为中心的原则,关注学习的过程,适用于任何深度和广度的学习过程。无论是正式还是非正式教育环境中,教师理解探究与实践的本质更有助于提升教育质量和水平。

By interpreting the connotation and process of inquiry,the essential characteristics of inquiry science education,and the relationship between practice and inquiry,this paper deeply analyzes the evolution of inquiry-based teaching in nearly half a century,as well as various teaching models developed.It shows that in the process of evolution,the essence of inquiry-based teaching has not changed,and it is not affected by any educational field.Multi-level Inquiry Teaching,5E Learning Loop,6E Learning by Design Model,Models-Based Inquiry,Argument-Driven Inquiry,Project-Based Learning and other teaching models have their own emphasis and advantages,but they all follow the student-centered principle,pay attention to the learning process,and are suitable for any depth and breadth of learning process.In both formal and informal education environments,teachers'understanding of the essence of inquiry and practice is more conducive to improving the quality and level of education.