饲料及农畜产品中镉的分析技术研究进展

Research progress in analytic technique of cadmium in feed,agricultural and animal products

镉作为一种对人体存在危害风险的重金属,因其特有的生物毒性和累积性,可通过环境、种养殖过程、产品加工等途径进行富集,从而对人类健康构成威胁。为充分了解镉元素在种植业、饲料、动物养殖、畜产品全链条中的潜在危害,以便对其含量进行有效控制,特对镉含量的分析技术进行梳理总结。本文根据分析方法原理的不同,对镉含量的检测技术进行归纳,主要分析了分光光度法、光谱法、质谱法和电化学法,以及近年来发展的快速检测法(如传感器法、免疫分析法、酶分析法、试纸法等),同时对新型仪器以及新型前处理技术进行介绍,并着重探讨了不同方法的优缺点,对其发展方向进行了展望,对镉含量的检测具有指导意义。

Cadmium is a toxic and harmful element,which through the food chain into animal and human body,endanger human health.At present,cadmium pollution has become a prominent problem in the field of agro-products and food safety,its content must be effectively controlled.There are clear limits on cadmium content in hygienical standard for food and feed,therefore it is of great significance to accurate detect the content of cadmium.In order to fully understand the potential harm of cadmium in animal breeding,it is necessary to comb and summarize the analysis techniques of cadmium.In this paper,the testing technology of cadmium content was analyzed and classified according to different principles,mainly introduced the traditional method such as spectrophotometry,spectrometry,mass spectrometry and electrochemical method,and the rapid detection methods developed in recent years,such as sensor method,immunoanalysis,enzyme analysis,dipstick method,new instruments and new pretreatment technology,and the advantages and disadvantages of different analysis methods were emphatically discussed,the development direction was prospected,it had guiding significance to cadmium detection.