健康乡村视域下湖南省乡村医生队伍建设的现状及对策研究

Research on the Current Situation and Countermeasures of Rural Doctor Team Construction in Hunan Province from the Perspective of Healthy Villages

目的了解湖南省乡村医生队伍建设现状和问题,为完善湖南乡村医生队伍建设提供对策建议。方法于2022年1—2月通过多阶段分层抽样方法对湖南省945名乡村医生进行问卷调查,发放问卷945份,回收有效问卷837份,有效回收率88.57%。结果被调查的乡村医生男女性别比接近6∶4;年龄在60岁以上的和30岁以下的分别占比5.85%和5.14%;大专及以上学历为27.48%;从事乡村医生工作年限30年以上的比例为24.49%;没有参加养老保险、没有购买医疗保险的比例分别为9.80%、9.56%;服务人口超过1000人的比例为74.79%;工作年收入4万元以下的80.77%。结论湖南省乡村医生队伍在总量、结构和服务能力上难以满足农村群众日益增长的卫生健康需求,待遇水平有待提升、保障类型有待优化,对身份诉求高,政策环境有待改善,应加强顶层设计、拓展筹资渠道、优化管理体系、加强本土培养,促进乡村卫生健康人才队伍建设。

Objective To understand the current situation and problems of the construction of rural doctors in Hunan Province,and to provide countermeasures and suggestions for improving the construction of rural doctors in Hunan.Methods From January to February 2022,a questionnaire survey was conducted among 945 rural doctors in Hunan Province through a multi-stage stratified sampling method.945 questionnaires were distributed,837 valid questionnaires were recovered,and the effective recovery rate was 88.57%.Results The male to female ratio of the surveyed rural doctors was close to 6:4.Those aged over 60 and under 30 accounted for 5.85%and 5.14%respectively;27.48%had a college degree or above.The proportion of rural doctors who had worked for more than 30 years was 24.49%.The proportions of not participating in endowment insurance and not purchasing medical insurance were 9.80%and 9.56%respectively.The proportion of the population serving more than 1000 people were 74.79%.80.77%of those with an annual income of less than 40000 yuan.Conclusion It is difficult for the rural doctors in Hunan Province to meet the growing health needs of the rural people in terms of total amount,structure and service capacity.The level of treatment needs to be improved,the type of protection needs to be optimized,the demand for identity is high,and the policy environment needs to be improved.Top-level design should be strengthened,financing channels should be expanded,management systems should be optimized,and local training should be strengthened,and the construction of rural health personnel should be promoted.