培养温度、光照及贮藏时间对黑木耳菌包中两种酶活性的影响

Effects of Culture Temperature,Light and Storage Time on the Activities of Two Enzymes in Auricularia Auricula Bags

多酚氧化酶(PPO)和羧甲基纤维素酶(CMCase)是与木质素等大分子物质降解有关的酶,也是黑木耳生长过程中的关键指标,酶活性会影响菌丝长势及产量。以黑木耳菌包为材料,对黑木耳菌包培养阶段的温度、光源及菌丝满袋后冷冻的时长进行干预,分析PPO、CMCase的酶活性变化。结果表明,培养阶段黑木耳菌包中的PPO、CMCase酶活性随温度的升高而升高,在温度达35℃时趋近平缓;不同光源对PPO、CMCase酶活性均有一定影响,其中根据PPO酶活性大小排序依次为蓝光>黄光>红光>黑暗(CK1)>紫光,根据CMCase酶活性大小排序依次为紫光>蓝光>红光≥黑暗(CK1)≥黄光;贮藏条件为-20℃,菌丝满袋的菌包中2种酶酶活性均随冷冻时间延长而逐渐降低,冷冻10 d与未经冷冻(CK2)的结果无差异性。通过试验发现,黑木耳菌包中的PPO、CMCase酶活性变化与培养过程中的温度和环境,以及培养结束后的储存方式均有关系。菌包中酶活性可以反映培养过程中黑木耳菌种的活性,分析不同培养条件对酶活性的影响及其变化结果,能够为判断黑木耳菌包的品质提供可借鉴参考的辅助数据。

Polyphenol oxidase(PPO)and carboxymethyl cellulase(CMCase)are the enzymes related to the degradation of macromolecular substances such as lignin.They are also the key indicators in the whole process of Auricularia auricula growth.The strength of enzyme activity will affect the mycelial growth and the yield of fruit body.Taking A.auricula bags as materials,the temperature and light source were interfered in the culture stage,the freezing time was interfered after the mycelia filled the bags,and the enzyme activity changes of PPO and CMCase were analyzed.The results showed that the enzyme activities of PPO and CMCase increased with the increase of temperature in the culture stage,and reached a flat level at 35℃.Different colors of light sources had certain effects on PPO and CMCase enzyme activities.The order of PPO enzyme activity was blue>yellow>red>dark(CK1)>purple,and the order of CMCase enzyme activity was purple>blue>red≥dark(CK1)≥yellow.Under the storage condition of-20℃,the enzyme activities of the two enzymes in the mycelia-filled A.auricula bags decreased gradually with the extension of freezing time,and there was no difference between the results of freezing for 10 days and without freezing(CK2).It was found that the changes of PPO and CMCase enzyme activities in A.auricula bags were related to temperature and environment during the cultivation process,as well as the storage method after cultivation.The enzyme activity can reflect the activity of the A.auricula culture during the cultivation process,and the analysis of the effect of different culture conditions on the enzyme activity and its changes can provide auxiliary data for judging the quality of the A.auricula bag.