2018年-2021年泰安市抽检食品中食源性致病菌污染状况分析

Analysis of food-borne pathogen contamination in food sam pled in Tai'an City from 2018 to 2021

目的 了解泰安市食品中食源性致病菌的污染状况,为预防和控制食源性疾病提供科学依据。方法 依据《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验》及《山东省食品污染物和有害因素风险监测工作手册》系列方法,对抽检食品进行金黄色葡萄球菌、蜡样芽胞杆菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌、沙门菌、副溶血性弧菌、河弧菌的分离培养和鉴定。结果 2018年-2021年共采集检测10类、1 380份样品,检出阳性样品159份,总检出率为11.52%。检出168株致病菌,致病菌总检出率为12.17%。10类样品中以学校周边售卖食品(自制)的检出率最高,为27.92%;在不同地点采集的样品中,农贸市场的检出率最高,为15.76%;6种致病菌以蜡样芽胞杆菌检出率最高,为5.47%,其次为副溶血性弧菌(4.91%)、单核细胞增生李斯特菌(3.77%)、河弧菌(3.40%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(2.15%)、沙门菌(1.70%)。结论 本市食品中存在一定程度的食源性致病菌污染,特别是学校周边售卖食品(自制)污染较为严重,蜡样芽胞杆菌是主要污染菌。相关部门应加强食品卫生监测和监管,确保食品安全。

Objective To understand the contamination of food-borne pathogens in food in Tai’an City,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of food-borne diseases. Methods According to the National Standard of the People’s Republic of China Microbiological Examination of Food Hygiene and National Handbook For Risk Monitoring of Food Pollutants And Harmful Factors,all the samples were conducted for the isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus,Bacillus cereus,Listeria monocytogenes,Salmonella,Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio fluvialis. Results A total of 1 380 samples in10 categories were collected and tested from 2018 to 2021,and 159 positive samples were detected,with a total detection rate of11. 52%. 168 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected,and the total detection rate of pathogenic bacteria was 12. 17%.Among the 10 types of samples,food sold around the school( homemade) had the highest detection rate of 27. 92%. Among the samples collected from different locations,the detection rate of farmers’ market was the highest( 15. 76%). Bacillus cereus had the highest detection rate of 5. 47%,followed by Vibrio parahaemolyticus( 4. 91%),Listeria monocytogenes( 3. 77%),Vibrio fluvio( 3. 40%),Staphylococcus aureus( 2. 15%) and Salmonella( 1. 70%). Conclusion There is a certain degree of food-borne pathogenic bacteria contamination in the food in the city,especially the food contamination around the school is serious,and Bacillus cereus is the main contamination bacteria. Relevant departments should strengthen food hygiene monitoring and supervision to ensure food safety.