我国外商投资政策与CPTPP投资规则的比较及对接建议

Comparison and docking suggestions of China’s foreign investment policy and CPTPP investment rules

投资章节是自由贸易协定文本的重要组成部分,CPTPP投资章节继承了美国主导的TPP的高标准投资规则,投资的自由化要求和投资者保护程度都很高。目前,我国外商投资政策与CPTPP投资章节规则相较,差距主要体现在两个方面:以负面清单为代表的行业开放力度;以投资者—国家间争端解决为代表的投资者保护。同时,土地征收、国有企业、投资定义等条款也需要引起重视。另外,我国外商投资领域的安全保障还存在欠缺之处,包括外资安全审查经验不足,部分重点行业安全保障不足,外资市场准入的行业法规不完善等。目前,我国已经正式提出申请加入CPTPP,接下来要通过制度型开放对接CPTPP投资规则,进一步扩大市场准入,建立对标CPTPP的负面清单体系,协调好投资者—国家间争端解决机制条款,完善事中事后监管体系,通过加强自身能力建设,提升CPTPP谈判主动性。

The investment chapter is an important part of the text of the free trade agreement,the CPTPP investment chapter inherits the high standard investment rules of the TPP led by the United States,and the liberalization requirements of investment and the degree of investor protection are high.At present,the gap between China’s foreign investment policy and the CPTPP investment chapter rules is mainly reflected in two aspects:industry opening degree represented by the negative list;investor protection represented by investor-state dispute settlement.At the same time,it also need to pay attention to the provisions such as land expropriation,state-owned enterprises,and investment definitions.In addition,there are still deficiencies in the security protection in the field of foreign investment in China,including insufficient experience in foreign investment security review,insufficient security protection in some key industries,and imperfect industry regulations for foreign investment market access.At present,China has officially submitted an application to join the CPTPP,and next,it needs to connect the CPTPP investment rules through institutional openness,further expand market access,establish a negative list system that is comparable to the CPTPP,coordinate well the terms of the investor-state dispute settlement mechanism,and improve the operational and post-operational supervision system,enhance the CPTPP’s initiative in external negotiation by strengthening its own capacity building.