改性扇贝壳粉与壳聚糖复合膜的制备及性质研究

Preparation and Properties of Modified Scallop Shell Powder and Chitosan Composite Film

以扇贝壳为原料,硬脂酸钠为改性剂,通过湿法改性制备了改性扇贝壳粉。采用单因素和响应面试验探讨改性温度、改性剂用量、改性时间对扇贝壳粉改性效果的影响,利用傅里叶红外光谱仪、电子扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪对扇贝壳粉进行表征。将制成的改性扇贝壳粉与壳聚糖制成复合膜,考察改性扇贝壳粉质量分数对复合膜性质的影响。结果表明,扇贝壳粉最佳改性条件为:硬脂酸钠添加量2.53%,改性温度80.70℃,改性时间43.19 min,在此条件下制得的扇贝壳粉活化度最高可达到76.41%,结合表征图谱分析,硬脂酸钠成功结合到壳粉表面,壳粉粉体粒子间团聚作用减弱,制得的改性扇贝壳粉具有良好的分散性。添加改性扇贝壳粉可以有效提高壳聚糖膜的机械性能、透光性和水蒸气阻隔性能。当改性扇贝壳粉的质量分数为1%时,改性扇贝壳粉与壳聚糖复合膜的性能最佳,此时膜拉伸强度为30.19 MPa,断裂伸长率为10.2%,水蒸气透过量为35.1 g·h^(−1)·m^(−2),透光性为2.9 mm·%。

Using scallop as raw material and sodium stearate as modifier,the modified scallop powder was prepared by wet modification.Using single factor and response surface experiments to explore the effects of modification temperature,modifier dosage,and modification time on the modification effect of scallop shell powder.The scallop shell powder was characterized by Fourier infrared spectrometer,scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffractometer.The modified scallop shell powder and chitosan were made into a composite film,and the influence of the mass fraction of the modified scallop shell powder on the properties of the composite film was investigated.The experimental results showed that the best modification conditions of scallop shell powder were:Sodium stearate addition amount 2.53%,modification temperature 80.70℃,modification time 43.19 min.The activation of the fan shellshell powder produced under these conditions could reach up to 76.41%.Combined with characterization mapping analysis,sodium stearate was successfully incorporated onto the surface of shell powder,and the inter particle agglomeration of shell powder was weakened,and the prepared modified scallop shell powder showed good dispersion.Adding modified scallop shell powder could effectively improve the mechanical properties,light transmittance and water vapor barrier properties of the chitosan film.When the mass fraction of modified scallop powder was 1%,the performance of the composite film of modified scallop powder and chitosan was the best.At this time,the tensile strength of the film was 30.19 MPa,the elongation at break was 10.2%,the water vapor transmission rate was 35.1 g·h^(−1)·m^(−2),and the light transmittance was 2.9 mm·%.