代表性官僚制:代表性与国家构建

Representative Bureaucracy:Representation and State Construction

代表性是代议制相关理论乃至政治学理论的重要议题,也是官僚制与民主间张力的焦点。作为对官僚制及相关理论的一种批判性反应,代表性官僚制被赋予修正官僚制所缺失的代表性特征的重要潜力。已有相关研究表明,代表性官僚制蕴含着消极代表性、积极代表性及象征代表性等潜能。这些不同代表性潜能的实现与不同时期不同国家的特定公共政策联系在一起,其现实效应则提示代表性官僚制对发展中国家的国家构建可产生值得关注的影响。

Representativeness is an important issue in theories related to representative bureaucracy and even political science theory,and it is also the focus of the tension between bureaucracy and democracy.As a critical response to bureaucracy and related theories,representative bureaucracy is given to correct the missing representational features of bureaucracy.Studies have shown that representative bureaucracy contains the potential for negative representation,positive representation and symbolic representation.The realization of these different representational potentials has been linked to specific public policies in different countries at different times,and their practical effects suggest that representative bureaucracy can have a noteworthy impact on state building in developing countries.