新工科背景下“计算机+”学科交叉专业构建理念与路径——MIT苏世民计算学院的启示

The Idea and Path of Constructing“Computing+”Interdisciplinary Program in the Context of New Engineering——Implications from MIT Stephen A.Schwarzman College of Computing

“计算机+”学科交叉人才培养是人工智能时代人才培养的重要议题。MIT苏世民计算学院作为其发展交叉学科的中心,以期将计算和人工智能的力量带到MIT所有研究领域,同时也促进其他学科的知识参与塑造计算机技术和人工智能的未来。本文通过详细分析苏世民计算学院的组织构架以及四个交叉本科专业的课程设置方案,发现苏世民计算学院主要具备四个办学特色:“相互塑造”的学科协同发展理念,“吸收孵化”的学科组织建制,“院系联合”的课程组织形式和“丰富、串联、交叉”的课程体系内涵。在理念共识、组织支撑、资源投入与制度保障以及课程体系建设等方面为我国高校新工科背景下的“计算机+”学科交叉专业的建设以及复合型人才培养提供了启示。

Cultivating“Computing+”interdisciplinary talents is one of the crucial issues of higher education in the era of AI.MIT launched the Stephen A.Schwarzman College of Computing as its interdisciplinary center.It aims to reorient MIT to bring the power of computing and AI to all fields of study at MIT,allowing the future of computing and AI to be shaped by insights from all other disciplines.Through detailed analysis of the organizational structure and curriculum of its four interdisciplinary majors,this article identified four characteristics of Stephen A.Schwarzman College of Computing:“the mutually shaped disciplinary”,“the assimilated and incubated organizational establishment”,“the allied curricula form”,and“the rich,connected,intersected curricula content”.Chinese universities can learn from the experiences of idea consensus,organizational support,resource input and institution,and curriculum system to build“computing+”inter-disciplines and cultivate interdisciplinary talents.