雅布罗悖论是循环的吗?

Is Yablo’s Paradox Circular?

雅布罗悖论是除说谎者悖论外,近些年来讨论得最多的悖论之一。它由哲学家雅布罗提出,目的是挑战传统观点,指出存在不具有自指和循环性的悖论。许多反对者则提出,如果将循环性定义在固定点概念上,那么雅布罗悖论与说谎者悖论一样存在着循环。国际学界就雅布罗悖论是否真的具有循环性从各个方面展开了激烈、持久的大争论。但事实上,正反双方的争论混淆了形式语言和自然语言,一旦严格区分这两种语言,双方截然对立的分歧就可以得到较好的调和与消解。那么可得出新的论证,雅布罗悖论在形式语言的框架中是循环的,但在自然语言的框架中则不具有循环性。

Yablo’s paradox is one of the most discussed paradoxes in recent years. It was formally proposed by philosopher Stephen Yablo,with the purpose of challenging traditional viewpoints and pointing out that there is a paradox without self-reference and circularity. Many opponents argue that if circularity is defined as the existence of a fixed point,then Yablo’s paradox is as circular as the liar paradox. The pros and cons have a heated and lasting debate on whether Yablo’s paradox is really circular from various aspects. But in fact,the arguments between the two sides confuse formal language and natural language.Once the two languages are strictly distinguished,the diametrically opposed differences between the two sides can be well reconciled and resolved. Then we can draw a new argument that Yablo’s paradox is circular in the framework of formal language,but not circular in the framework of natural language.