摘要
为明确食叶草根系应对盐碱胁迫表现的形态适应策略,采用剖面法对新疆石河子垦区盐碱地食叶草进行根系剖面采集,分析不同时期食叶草根系形态特征及空间分布规律,探究食叶草根系形态分布及对盐碱环境的适应策略。结果表明:食叶草根系显著降低了根系周围土壤电导率,与根长、根生物量增加显著正相关。随着土壤深度增加,根长、根生物量、根体积等指标呈现下降趋势,7-10月,0~20 cm土层根系生长最快,根体积增加了71.26%。水平距离上,25~35 cm内根系较5~25 cm生长缓慢,密集程度低,从而规避高盐区域并提高营养吸收能力。细根(d≤2 mm)是食叶草根长增加的主要体现,占总根长90%以上。食叶草根系在盐碱地中形成了抵抗胁迫并增强自身抗逆性的形态适应策略,主要表现为根系快速向深层拓展,距植株水平距离0~15 cm内侧根密集且快速增加。研究结果为干旱区盐碱地治理过程耐盐植物管理与配置提供依据。
The aim of this study was to clarify the root morphological adaptation strategies of Rumex hanus in response to salt-alkali stress.The profile excavation method was used to collect the roots of R.hanus in saline-alkali soil at Shihezi city,Xinjiang Province and the root distribution and morphological characteristics of R.hanus in different months were analyzed and the root morphological distribution and the adaptation strategy in the saline-alkali environment were explored.It was found that the roots of R.hanus significantly reduced soil electrical conductivity around the root system,and this effect was significantly correlated with root length and root biomass.Root length,root biomass and root volume showed a decreasing pattern with increase in soil depth.From July to October,the root volume grew the fastest in the 0-20 cm soil depth,increasing by 71.26%.The roots at a horizontal distance of25-35 cm from the plant grew slowly and less densely compared with those within a 5-25 cm radius of the plant.In this way new root growth was concentrated in low conductivity soil closer to the plant,avoiding high-salt areas and improving nutrient absorption.Fine roots(d≤2 mm)accounted for more than 90%of the total root length.In summary,the roots of R.hanus exhibited a morphological adaptation strategy to resist stress and enhance their resistance to saline-alkali soils.The main phenomenon was that the roots more strongly colonized a soil zone within a25 cm radius of the plant where soil conductivity was lower to approximately 40 cm soil depth.In this zone roots were the most dense and rapidly increased their length from 0-15 cm horizontally to the plant.The results illustrate one available strategy for configuration of salt-tolerant plants for saline-alkali soil in arid regions and potentially provide a foundation for the development of new management practices.
作者
杨志新
郑旭
陈来宝
于泳鑫
张凤华
李鲁华
王家平
YANG Zhi-xin;ZHENG Xu;CHEN Lai-bao;YU Yong-xin;ZHANG Feng-hua;LI Lu-hua;WANG Jia-ping(College of Agriculture,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,China;International S&T Cooperation Base of China for Efficient Crop Production and Agricultural Environmental Protection in Oasis,Shihezi 832000,China;The Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture,Xinjiang Production and Construction Group,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,China)
出处
《草业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第7期15-27,共13页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划玛纳斯节水农田治理模式及棉花林果产业示范项目(2016YFC0501406)
石河子大学SRP项目(srpnxy2020014)资助。
关键词
根系形态
盐碱地
食叶草
根系分布
root morphology
saline-alkali soil
Rumex hanus
root distribution