基于特性契合考察的PPP项目合同非诉纠纷解决机制建构——以争议评审机制为例

Construction of Alternative Dispute Resolution of PPP Project Contract Based on Characteristic Fit Inspection——A Case Study of Dispute Review Board

将行政诉讼作为解决PPP项目合同争议主要途径不利于PPP的长远发展,而仲裁被排除于大量PPP项目合同争议解决途径之列后,需要再次探寻PPP项目合同争议的非诉讼纠纷解决机制(ADR)。从国内外实践探索来看,当前可供政府与社会资本方选择的非诉解决途径包括友好协商、调解、政府行使行政优益权以及争议评审机制。此类机制成本更低、效率更高、对抗性更低,且与PPP的诸多特性相契合。经横向对比,争议评审机制与PPP的特性契合度更高,可将其作为我国主要的PPP项目合同争议解决机制。建议中央政府围绕争议评审机制修订PPP条例的争议解决条款、重新制定项目合同指南并建立争议评审专家库。建议地方政府在具体PPP项目中明确争议评审规则,对委员会候选专家进行政治审查,签订委员会成员协议,并将该机制作为行使行政优益权解决合同争议的前置程序。

Taking administrative litigation as the main way to solve contract disputes in PPP projects is not conducive to the long-term development of PPP.After arbitration has been excluded from the resolution of contract disputes in a large number of PPP projects,the Alternative Dispute Resolution(ADR) mechanism for contract disputes in PPP projects needs to be explored again.From the perspective of domestic and international practice,the current ADR option available to the government and social capital parties include friendly consultation,mediation,the government’s exercise of administrative priority and Dispute Review Board.This kind of ADR has lower cost,higher efficiency and lower antagonism,and fit in with many of the characteristics of PPPs.Through comparison,the Dispute Review Board is more correspond to the characteristics of PPP,and it can be used as the main contract dispute resolution mechanism of PPP projects in China.It is suggested that the central government revise the dispute resolution clauses of PPP regulations,re-formulate the project contract guidelines and establish a Dispute Review Board expert database around the dispute review mechanism.It is recommended that local governments clarify the rules of Dispute Review Board in specific PPP projects,conducts political review on the committee candidate experts,sign the committee member agreements,and make this mechanism a pre-procedure for exercising the administrative priority to resolve contract disputes.